Genome-wide CRISPR Screening Identifies NFκB and c-MET as Druggable Targets to Sensitize Lenvatinib Treatment in Hepatocellular CarcinomaSummary

Background & Aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the dominant form of liver cancer, is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Sorafenib and lenvatinib have long been the 2 limited options of first-line treatments for patients with unresectable advanced HCC. However, the single-drug tre...

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Main Authors: Ting-Chi Rebecca Wan, Lai Wei, Lai-Hung Cheng, Wai-Ching Chin, Jialing Shen, For-Fan Chan, Zhijian Kuang, Cun Wang, Carmen Chak-Lui Wong, Chun-Ming Wong
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-01-01
Series:Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352345X25000438
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Summary:Background & Aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the dominant form of liver cancer, is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Sorafenib and lenvatinib have long been the 2 limited options of first-line treatments for patients with unresectable advanced HCC. However, the single-drug treatment strategy only shows modest survival benefit, mostly because of the survival ability of cancer cells to activate alternative pathways for compensation. In this study, we aim to identify druggable targets contributing to lenvatinib resistance and evaluate the efficacy of combining respective inhibitors and lenvatinib on HCC. Methods: Genome-scale clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 knockout library screening was applied on the vehicle group and lenvatinib treatment group. Identified druggable candidates were validated individually on HCC cell models. Therapeutic effects of the combined treatment of inhibitors of candidate genes and lenvatinib were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Results: We successfully identified NFKB1 and MET as critical drivers for the development of lenvatinib resistance in HCC cells. By perturbing the 2 genes with either CRISPR knockout or RNA interference approaches, lenvatinib treatments were significantly sensitized. Moreover, using small molecules QNZ and cabozantinib to target NFKB1 and MET, respectively, this together with lenvatinib could synergistically induce apoptosis and suppress HCC growth in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screening is a powerful tool for the design of rational combinational cancer therapy and provided candidate genes possible for combined treatments with lenvatinib to improve therapy efficacy.
ISSN:2352-345X