Vaginal microbiota alterations under supraphysiological estradiol state during in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) and the association with reproductive outcomes

Vaginal microbiota alterations under supraphysiological estradiol state during in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) and the association with reproductive outcomes

Abstract Background The process of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) induces a maternal supraphysiological estradiol environment during embryo implantation and early development. Estrogen is crucial in modulating the colonization of microbiota within the vaginal epithelium. However, th...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Xijing Chen, Feng Chen, Shufang Wu, Pingping Lv, Ping Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-08-01
Series:BMC Microbiology
Subjects:
Vaginal microbiome
In vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET)
Supraphysiological estradiol (E2) level
Pregnancy outcomes
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-025-04242-7
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https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-025-04242-7

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