Cytokines and HCV-Related Disorders
Cytokines are intercellular mediators involved in viral control and liver damage being induced by infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV). The complex cytokine network operating during initial infection allows a coordinated, effective development of both innate and adaptive immune responses. However,...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2012-01-01
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| Series: | Clinical and Developmental Immunology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/468107 |
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| _version_ | 1832563148841811968 |
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| author | Poupak Fallahi Clodoveo Ferri Silvia Martina Ferrari Alda Corrado Domenico Sansonno Alessandro Antonelli |
| author_facet | Poupak Fallahi Clodoveo Ferri Silvia Martina Ferrari Alda Corrado Domenico Sansonno Alessandro Antonelli |
| author_sort | Poupak Fallahi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cytokines are intercellular mediators involved in viral control and liver damage being induced by infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV). The complex cytokine network operating during initial infection allows a coordinated, effective development of both innate and adaptive immune responses.
However, HCV interferes with cytokines at various levels and escapes immune response by inducing a T-helper (Th)2/T cytotoxic 2 cytokine profile. Inability to control infection leads to the recruitment of inflammatory infiltrates into the liver parenchyma by interferon (IFN)-gamma-inducible CXC chemokine ligand (CXCL)-9, -10, and -11 chemokines, which results in sustained liver damage and eventually in liver cirrhosis. The most important systemic HCV-related extrahepatic diseases—mixed cryoglobulinemia, lymphoproliferative disorders, thyroid autoimmune disorders, and type 2 diabetes—are associated with a complex dysregulation of the cytokine/chemokine network, involving proinflammatory and Th1 chemokines. The therapeutical administration of cytokines such as IFN-alpha may result in viral clearance during persistent infection and reverts this process. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-596738146d524c0f81dc20c6ec4a5f20 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1740-2522 1740-2530 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2012-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Clinical and Developmental Immunology |
| spelling | doaj-art-596738146d524c0f81dc20c6ec4a5f202025-02-03T01:20:55ZengWileyClinical and Developmental Immunology1740-25221740-25302012-01-01201210.1155/2012/468107468107Cytokines and HCV-Related DisordersPoupak Fallahi0Clodoveo Ferri1Silvia Martina Ferrari2Alda Corrado3Domenico Sansonno4Alessandro Antonelli5Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma, 67, 56100 Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, School of Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo, 71, 41100 Modena, ItalyDepartment of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma, 67, 56100 Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma, 67, 56100 Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, ItalyDepartment of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma, 67, 56100 Pisa, ItalyCytokines are intercellular mediators involved in viral control and liver damage being induced by infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV). The complex cytokine network operating during initial infection allows a coordinated, effective development of both innate and adaptive immune responses. However, HCV interferes with cytokines at various levels and escapes immune response by inducing a T-helper (Th)2/T cytotoxic 2 cytokine profile. Inability to control infection leads to the recruitment of inflammatory infiltrates into the liver parenchyma by interferon (IFN)-gamma-inducible CXC chemokine ligand (CXCL)-9, -10, and -11 chemokines, which results in sustained liver damage and eventually in liver cirrhosis. The most important systemic HCV-related extrahepatic diseases—mixed cryoglobulinemia, lymphoproliferative disorders, thyroid autoimmune disorders, and type 2 diabetes—are associated with a complex dysregulation of the cytokine/chemokine network, involving proinflammatory and Th1 chemokines. The therapeutical administration of cytokines such as IFN-alpha may result in viral clearance during persistent infection and reverts this process.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/468107 |
| spellingShingle | Poupak Fallahi Clodoveo Ferri Silvia Martina Ferrari Alda Corrado Domenico Sansonno Alessandro Antonelli Cytokines and HCV-Related Disorders Clinical and Developmental Immunology |
| title | Cytokines and HCV-Related Disorders |
| title_full | Cytokines and HCV-Related Disorders |
| title_fullStr | Cytokines and HCV-Related Disorders |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cytokines and HCV-Related Disorders |
| title_short | Cytokines and HCV-Related Disorders |
| title_sort | cytokines and hcv related disorders |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/468107 |
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