Novel multimodal mechanical stimulation is superior to TENS to treat and prevent chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial

BackgroundLow back pain (LBP) is the leading cause of disability worldwide. Up to half of moderate-to-severe acute LBP (aLBP) progress to chronic (cLBP), with neuromotor, fascial, and muscle pathology contributing to inoperable mechanical disability. A novel thermomechanical stimulation (M-Stim) dev...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Amy Lynn Baxter, Jena L. Etnoyer-Slaski, Owen Tucker, Jessica Allia Rice Williams, Kevin Swartout, Lindsey L. Cohen, M. Louise Lawson
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-08-01
Series:Frontiers in Pain Research
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpain.2025.1625420/full
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