Harnessing Light Quality for Potato Production: Red and Blue Light as Key Regulators of Growth and Yield

This study aimed to investigate the effects of different light qualities on the morphological development, photosynthetic characteristics, stomatal structure, and yield of potato, providing theoretical and practical guidance for optimizing light environments in controlled agricultural systems and en...

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Main Authors: Rong Guo, Yanjun Jin, Juan Liu, Hongyu Yang, Lixiang Cheng, Bin Yu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Plants
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/7/1039
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author Rong Guo
Yanjun Jin
Juan Liu
Hongyu Yang
Lixiang Cheng
Bin Yu
author_facet Rong Guo
Yanjun Jin
Juan Liu
Hongyu Yang
Lixiang Cheng
Bin Yu
author_sort Rong Guo
collection DOAJ
description This study aimed to investigate the effects of different light qualities on the morphological development, photosynthetic characteristics, stomatal structure, and yield of potato, providing theoretical and practical guidance for optimizing light environments in controlled agricultural systems and enhancing the efficient production of potato microtubers. Six light qualities—white, red, blue, green, far-red, and ultraviolet—were applied to systematically evaluate their effects. The results showed that light quality significantly influenced plant morphological traits and physiological metabolism. Red and blue light demonstrated the most pronounced promotive effects. Under red light, plant height and stem diameter increased by 57.47% and 31.10%, respectively, compared to white light, while single tuber weight increased by 20.09%, despite a 14.96% reduction in tuber number per plant. Blue light significantly enhanced chlorophyll content (by 20.35%) and stomatal density (adaxial stomata increased by 28.85%), leading to a 38.98% increase in tuber number, a 51.79% increase in single tuber weight, and a remarkable 110.37% improvement in total yield per plant, compared to white light. In contrast, green light moderately promoted photosynthesis in lower leaves, but reduced the total yield by 39.90%. Far-red (740 nm) and ultraviolet light (390 nm) severely inhibited plant growth and failed to induce tuber formation. Correlation analysis revealed a highly significant positive relationship between chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal density, and yield per plant (r = 0.96, <i>p</i> < 0.01). This study systematically evaluated the independent effects of single light quality on potato growth and production for the first time, clarifying the regulatory advantages of red and blue light, and providing important theoretical insights for optimizing the light environment with red and blue light to improve potato microtuber yield. Furthermore, this study provides critical data to support future research on the dynamic optimization of light quality ratio.
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spelling doaj-art-567a8dfcc3e145409bf45e7e3ca903912025-08-20T03:03:23ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472025-03-01147103910.3390/plants14071039Harnessing Light Quality for Potato Production: Red and Blue Light as Key Regulators of Growth and YieldRong Guo0Yanjun Jin1Juan Liu2Hongyu Yang3Lixiang Cheng4Bin Yu5State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaThis study aimed to investigate the effects of different light qualities on the morphological development, photosynthetic characteristics, stomatal structure, and yield of potato, providing theoretical and practical guidance for optimizing light environments in controlled agricultural systems and enhancing the efficient production of potato microtubers. Six light qualities—white, red, blue, green, far-red, and ultraviolet—were applied to systematically evaluate their effects. The results showed that light quality significantly influenced plant morphological traits and physiological metabolism. Red and blue light demonstrated the most pronounced promotive effects. Under red light, plant height and stem diameter increased by 57.47% and 31.10%, respectively, compared to white light, while single tuber weight increased by 20.09%, despite a 14.96% reduction in tuber number per plant. Blue light significantly enhanced chlorophyll content (by 20.35%) and stomatal density (adaxial stomata increased by 28.85%), leading to a 38.98% increase in tuber number, a 51.79% increase in single tuber weight, and a remarkable 110.37% improvement in total yield per plant, compared to white light. In contrast, green light moderately promoted photosynthesis in lower leaves, but reduced the total yield by 39.90%. Far-red (740 nm) and ultraviolet light (390 nm) severely inhibited plant growth and failed to induce tuber formation. Correlation analysis revealed a highly significant positive relationship between chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal density, and yield per plant (r = 0.96, <i>p</i> < 0.01). This study systematically evaluated the independent effects of single light quality on potato growth and production for the first time, clarifying the regulatory advantages of red and blue light, and providing important theoretical insights for optimizing the light environment with red and blue light to improve potato microtuber yield. Furthermore, this study provides critical data to support future research on the dynamic optimization of light quality ratio.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/7/1039potatolight qualityplant physiologytuber yieldagricultural light environment
spellingShingle Rong Guo
Yanjun Jin
Juan Liu
Hongyu Yang
Lixiang Cheng
Bin Yu
Harnessing Light Quality for Potato Production: Red and Blue Light as Key Regulators of Growth and Yield
Plants
potato
light quality
plant physiology
tuber yield
agricultural light environment
title Harnessing Light Quality for Potato Production: Red and Blue Light as Key Regulators of Growth and Yield
title_full Harnessing Light Quality for Potato Production: Red and Blue Light as Key Regulators of Growth and Yield
title_fullStr Harnessing Light Quality for Potato Production: Red and Blue Light as Key Regulators of Growth and Yield
title_full_unstemmed Harnessing Light Quality for Potato Production: Red and Blue Light as Key Regulators of Growth and Yield
title_short Harnessing Light Quality for Potato Production: Red and Blue Light as Key Regulators of Growth and Yield
title_sort harnessing light quality for potato production red and blue light as key regulators of growth and yield
topic potato
light quality
plant physiology
tuber yield
agricultural light environment
url https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/7/1039
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AT juanliu harnessinglightqualityforpotatoproductionredandbluelightaskeyregulatorsofgrowthandyield
AT hongyuyang harnessinglightqualityforpotatoproductionredandbluelightaskeyregulatorsofgrowthandyield
AT lixiangcheng harnessinglightqualityforpotatoproductionredandbluelightaskeyregulatorsofgrowthandyield
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