Combined treatment using bismuth sulfide nanoparticles loaded with NANOG decoy oligodeoxynucleotides under X-ray radiation for breast cancer cells
Abstract Our goal in this study was to develop bismuth sulfide nanoparticles (NPs) that were functionalized with chitosan and incorporated with decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) specifically targeting the NANOG transcription factor (designated as Bi@Chi-DEC NPs) in triple-negative breast cancer cel...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-07-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05074-1 |
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| author | Sara Heidari Mahmoud Gharbavi Roghayeh Ghorbani Hamed Rezaeejam Behrooz Johari |
| author_facet | Sara Heidari Mahmoud Gharbavi Roghayeh Ghorbani Hamed Rezaeejam Behrooz Johari |
| author_sort | Sara Heidari |
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| description | Abstract Our goal in this study was to develop bismuth sulfide nanoparticles (NPs) that were functionalized with chitosan and incorporated with decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) specifically targeting the NANOG transcription factor (designated as Bi@Chi-DEC NPs) in triple-negative breast cancer cells. FT-IR, UV–vis, FESEM, EDX, TEM, DLS, release kinetics, and hemolysis assays were done to validate the successful synthesis of Bi@Chi-DEC NPs. The synthesized spherical particles exhibited a size distribution averaging 213.8 nm, with a zeta potential measured at -3.27 mV. The anticancer properties of the synthesized nanoparticles, along with X-ray irradiation (2Gy), were assessed through a series of cellular assays, including MTT, cellular uptake, apoptosis, cell cycle analysis, scratch, and tumorsphere formation assays on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Treatment with the synthesized nanoparticles and X-irradiation resulted in a significant reduction in cell viability, tumorsphere formation, and cellular migration, while concurrently enhancing the rate of apoptotic cells and inducing cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. It can be inferred that Bi@Chi-DEC NPs possess the potential to serve as a therapeutic modality for cancer treatment, particularly when utilized along with radiation therapy. Further, in vivo studies are warranted to substantiate the efficacy of this therapeutic approach. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5670190948a742f79aa3b6e489f00c85 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-5670190948a742f79aa3b6e489f00c852025-08-20T03:45:28ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111810.1038/s41598-025-05074-1Combined treatment using bismuth sulfide nanoparticles loaded with NANOG decoy oligodeoxynucleotides under X-ray radiation for breast cancer cellsSara Heidari0Mahmoud Gharbavi1Roghayeh Ghorbani2Hamed Rezaeejam3Behrooz Johari4Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical SciencesNanotechnology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesCellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Radiology Technology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Zanjan University of Medical SciencesZanjan Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical SciencesAbstract Our goal in this study was to develop bismuth sulfide nanoparticles (NPs) that were functionalized with chitosan and incorporated with decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) specifically targeting the NANOG transcription factor (designated as Bi@Chi-DEC NPs) in triple-negative breast cancer cells. FT-IR, UV–vis, FESEM, EDX, TEM, DLS, release kinetics, and hemolysis assays were done to validate the successful synthesis of Bi@Chi-DEC NPs. The synthesized spherical particles exhibited a size distribution averaging 213.8 nm, with a zeta potential measured at -3.27 mV. The anticancer properties of the synthesized nanoparticles, along with X-ray irradiation (2Gy), were assessed through a series of cellular assays, including MTT, cellular uptake, apoptosis, cell cycle analysis, scratch, and tumorsphere formation assays on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Treatment with the synthesized nanoparticles and X-irradiation resulted in a significant reduction in cell viability, tumorsphere formation, and cellular migration, while concurrently enhancing the rate of apoptotic cells and inducing cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. It can be inferred that Bi@Chi-DEC NPs possess the potential to serve as a therapeutic modality for cancer treatment, particularly when utilized along with radiation therapy. Further, in vivo studies are warranted to substantiate the efficacy of this therapeutic approach.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05074-1Breast cancerBismuth nanoparticleCombinational therapyDecoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs)NANOG transcription factorRadiotherapy |
| spellingShingle | Sara Heidari Mahmoud Gharbavi Roghayeh Ghorbani Hamed Rezaeejam Behrooz Johari Combined treatment using bismuth sulfide nanoparticles loaded with NANOG decoy oligodeoxynucleotides under X-ray radiation for breast cancer cells Scientific Reports Breast cancer Bismuth nanoparticle Combinational therapy Decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) NANOG transcription factor Radiotherapy |
| title | Combined treatment using bismuth sulfide nanoparticles loaded with NANOG decoy oligodeoxynucleotides under X-ray radiation for breast cancer cells |
| title_full | Combined treatment using bismuth sulfide nanoparticles loaded with NANOG decoy oligodeoxynucleotides under X-ray radiation for breast cancer cells |
| title_fullStr | Combined treatment using bismuth sulfide nanoparticles loaded with NANOG decoy oligodeoxynucleotides under X-ray radiation for breast cancer cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Combined treatment using bismuth sulfide nanoparticles loaded with NANOG decoy oligodeoxynucleotides under X-ray radiation for breast cancer cells |
| title_short | Combined treatment using bismuth sulfide nanoparticles loaded with NANOG decoy oligodeoxynucleotides under X-ray radiation for breast cancer cells |
| title_sort | combined treatment using bismuth sulfide nanoparticles loaded with nanog decoy oligodeoxynucleotides under x ray radiation for breast cancer cells |
| topic | Breast cancer Bismuth nanoparticle Combinational therapy Decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) NANOG transcription factor Radiotherapy |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05074-1 |
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