Kavalactone Content and Profile of Kava Cultivated on Taveuni, Qamea, and Rabi Islands of Fiji

The kava beverage of the Pacific is known for its intoxicating, soothing and relaxing effects, attributed to a group of compounds (called kavalactones) produced by the kava plant. An unfavorable kavalactone profile, however, contributes to side effects, including hepatotoxicity. Therefore, the chemi...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Deepti Darshani Devi, Tibor Pasinszki
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Agriculture
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/5/478
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850051805472358400
author Deepti Darshani Devi
Tibor Pasinszki
author_facet Deepti Darshani Devi
Tibor Pasinszki
author_sort Deepti Darshani Devi
collection DOAJ
description The kava beverage of the Pacific is known for its intoxicating, soothing and relaxing effects, attributed to a group of compounds (called kavalactones) produced by the kava plant. An unfavorable kavalactone profile, however, contributes to side effects, including hepatotoxicity. Therefore, the chemical quality of kava is of key importance for consumer safety. This work investigated the chemical quality of the kava cultivated on the Taveuni, Qamea, and Rabi Islands by quantifying the main kavalactones in the roots and rhizomes of eighty-eight kava plants using the HPLC method. It was concluded that the farmers in these regions almost exclusively grow classified noble kava cultivars with a favorable kavalactone profile; the total kavalactone concentration varies between 7.2–14.1 wt.% and 4.7–8.2 wt.% in the dried roots and rhizomes, respectively. Kavain is the major kavalactone component (27–34 wt.% of the total amount of kavalactones), followed by methysticin, yangonin, or dihydrokavain in the roots, and dihydrokavain or methysticin in the rhizomes, respectively. One unclassified non-noble cultivar, with elevated levels of non-desirable dihydrokavain, dihydromethysticin, and flavokavains, is also identified and characterized.
format Article
id doaj-art-5439b83c604d4d638249747bcabcad76
institution DOAJ
issn 2077-0472
language English
publishDate 2025-02-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Agriculture
spelling doaj-art-5439b83c604d4d638249747bcabcad762025-08-20T02:53:02ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722025-02-0115547810.3390/agriculture15050478Kavalactone Content and Profile of Kava Cultivated on Taveuni, Qamea, and Rabi Islands of FijiDeepti Darshani Devi0Tibor Pasinszki1School of Sciences, College of Engineering and TVET, Fiji National University, Suva P.O. Box 3722, FijiSchool of Sciences, College of Engineering and TVET, Fiji National University, Suva P.O. Box 3722, FijiThe kava beverage of the Pacific is known for its intoxicating, soothing and relaxing effects, attributed to a group of compounds (called kavalactones) produced by the kava plant. An unfavorable kavalactone profile, however, contributes to side effects, including hepatotoxicity. Therefore, the chemical quality of kava is of key importance for consumer safety. This work investigated the chemical quality of the kava cultivated on the Taveuni, Qamea, and Rabi Islands by quantifying the main kavalactones in the roots and rhizomes of eighty-eight kava plants using the HPLC method. It was concluded that the farmers in these regions almost exclusively grow classified noble kava cultivars with a favorable kavalactone profile; the total kavalactone concentration varies between 7.2–14.1 wt.% and 4.7–8.2 wt.% in the dried roots and rhizomes, respectively. Kavain is the major kavalactone component (27–34 wt.% of the total amount of kavalactones), followed by methysticin, yangonin, or dihydrokavain in the roots, and dihydrokavain or methysticin in the rhizomes, respectively. One unclassified non-noble cultivar, with elevated levels of non-desirable dihydrokavain, dihydromethysticin, and flavokavains, is also identified and characterized.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/5/478<i>Piper methysticum</i>kavalactonechemotypemethysticindihydromethysticinkavain
spellingShingle Deepti Darshani Devi
Tibor Pasinszki
Kavalactone Content and Profile of Kava Cultivated on Taveuni, Qamea, and Rabi Islands of Fiji
Agriculture
<i>Piper methysticum</i>
kavalactone
chemotype
methysticin
dihydromethysticin
kavain
title Kavalactone Content and Profile of Kava Cultivated on Taveuni, Qamea, and Rabi Islands of Fiji
title_full Kavalactone Content and Profile of Kava Cultivated on Taveuni, Qamea, and Rabi Islands of Fiji
title_fullStr Kavalactone Content and Profile of Kava Cultivated on Taveuni, Qamea, and Rabi Islands of Fiji
title_full_unstemmed Kavalactone Content and Profile of Kava Cultivated on Taveuni, Qamea, and Rabi Islands of Fiji
title_short Kavalactone Content and Profile of Kava Cultivated on Taveuni, Qamea, and Rabi Islands of Fiji
title_sort kavalactone content and profile of kava cultivated on taveuni qamea and rabi islands of fiji
topic <i>Piper methysticum</i>
kavalactone
chemotype
methysticin
dihydromethysticin
kavain
url https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/5/478
work_keys_str_mv AT deeptidarshanidevi kavalactonecontentandprofileofkavacultivatedontaveuniqameaandrabiislandsoffiji
AT tiborpasinszki kavalactonecontentandprofileofkavacultivatedontaveuniqameaandrabiislandsoffiji