Beyond money: motivating farmers’ responsibility awareness for ecological protection based on the bystander effect in Southwest China

Abstract Achieving sustainable and long-lasting ecological conservation incentives necessitates incorporating the intrinsic motivations of farmers into policy design frameworks. Currently, existing payments for ecosystem services (PES) projects overly focus on monetary incentives, particularly in Ch...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Xiaofeng Xu, Xin Nie, Han Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer Nature 2025-06-01
Series:Humanities & Social Sciences Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-05165-4
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