Comprehensive and continuous nursing strategies in perioperative management of upper urinary tract stones treated with holmium laser lithotripsy

Abstract Objective This research aims to analyze the effects of total, continuous nursing interventions as a perioperative care system for patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PCNL) with upper urinary tract stones on postoperative: inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and stress h...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ying Qiu, Weiying Huang, Li Ouyang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:BMC Urology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12894-025-01850-3
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