Body Shape Variation in Atlantic Salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i>, L.) Fed Fishmeal and Fish Oil-Free Diets

Post-smolt Atlantic salmon were fed control (C), plant protein- (PP), and animal protein (AP)-based diets over a 90-day period. At trial start, the outline shape variation in the salmon body was recorded using two-dimensional Cartesian coordinates of a combination of 12 landmarks (LM) and three semi...

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Main Authors: Jorge G. Chollet-Villalpando, Frederic T. Barrows, Ewen McLean
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Fishes
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/10/2/62
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author Jorge G. Chollet-Villalpando
Frederic T. Barrows
Ewen McLean
author_facet Jorge G. Chollet-Villalpando
Frederic T. Barrows
Ewen McLean
author_sort Jorge G. Chollet-Villalpando
collection DOAJ
description Post-smolt Atlantic salmon were fed control (C), plant protein- (PP), and animal protein (AP)-based diets over a 90-day period. At trial start, the outline shape variation in the salmon body was recorded using two-dimensional Cartesian coordinates of a combination of 12 landmarks (LM) and three semi-landmarks from each of the 48 fish. The identical landmarks were then assessed at trial end for the differing dietary treatments. These datasets were used to determine whether diet exerted a measurable effect on body shape to enable authentication of fishmeal/fish oil-free status. Most differences in shape at trial end were visualized at the base of the dorsal and pelvic fins and caudal peduncle. The greatest shape variation between PP and AP groups was found at the base of the pectoral and pelvic fins. While PP and AP groups were more similar in shape than control fish, the recorded differences were not significant enough to verify dietary origins. The number of animals employed and the length of the trial period were likely insufficient to distinguish alterations in body shape with any certainty. Future trials should employ larger numbers of animals and be of longer length to verify whether PP-based feeds cause changes in body shape.
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spelling doaj-art-4c6cb5b5c8bf406b9d5003e3f789f6742025-08-20T02:44:49ZengMDPI AGFishes2410-38882025-02-011026210.3390/fishes10020062Body Shape Variation in Atlantic Salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i>, L.) Fed Fishmeal and Fish Oil-Free DietsJorge G. Chollet-Villalpando0Frederic T. Barrows1Ewen McLean2Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Departamento de Pesquerías y Biología Marina, Avenida Instituto Politécnico Nacional s/n, Colonia Playa Palo de Santa Rita, La Paz 23096, BCS, MexicoAquatic Feed Technologies LLC, Islamorada, FL 33036, USAAqua Cognoscenti LLC, West Columbia, SC 29170, USAPost-smolt Atlantic salmon were fed control (C), plant protein- (PP), and animal protein (AP)-based diets over a 90-day period. At trial start, the outline shape variation in the salmon body was recorded using two-dimensional Cartesian coordinates of a combination of 12 landmarks (LM) and three semi-landmarks from each of the 48 fish. The identical landmarks were then assessed at trial end for the differing dietary treatments. These datasets were used to determine whether diet exerted a measurable effect on body shape to enable authentication of fishmeal/fish oil-free status. Most differences in shape at trial end were visualized at the base of the dorsal and pelvic fins and caudal peduncle. The greatest shape variation between PP and AP groups was found at the base of the pectoral and pelvic fins. While PP and AP groups were more similar in shape than control fish, the recorded differences were not significant enough to verify dietary origins. The number of animals employed and the length of the trial period were likely insufficient to distinguish alterations in body shape with any certainty. Future trials should employ larger numbers of animals and be of longer length to verify whether PP-based feeds cause changes in body shape.https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/10/2/62alternative proteinsconsumergrowthmorphometricsqualitysustainability
spellingShingle Jorge G. Chollet-Villalpando
Frederic T. Barrows
Ewen McLean
Body Shape Variation in Atlantic Salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i>, L.) Fed Fishmeal and Fish Oil-Free Diets
Fishes
alternative proteins
consumer
growth
morphometrics
quality
sustainability
title Body Shape Variation in Atlantic Salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i>, L.) Fed Fishmeal and Fish Oil-Free Diets
title_full Body Shape Variation in Atlantic Salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i>, L.) Fed Fishmeal and Fish Oil-Free Diets
title_fullStr Body Shape Variation in Atlantic Salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i>, L.) Fed Fishmeal and Fish Oil-Free Diets
title_full_unstemmed Body Shape Variation in Atlantic Salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i>, L.) Fed Fishmeal and Fish Oil-Free Diets
title_short Body Shape Variation in Atlantic Salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i>, L.) Fed Fishmeal and Fish Oil-Free Diets
title_sort body shape variation in atlantic salmon i salmo salar i l fed fishmeal and fish oil free diets
topic alternative proteins
consumer
growth
morphometrics
quality
sustainability
url https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/10/2/62
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