The Prognostic Potential of Insulin-like Growth Factor-Binding Protein 1 for Cardiovascular Complications in Peripheral Artery Disease

The Prognostic Potential of Insulin-like Growth Factor-Binding Protein 1 for Cardiovascular Complications in Peripheral Artery Disease

Background/Objectives: Patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) have a heightened risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), including myocardial infarction, stroke, and death. Despite this, limited progress has been made in identifying reliable biomarkers to prognosticate such outcome...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ben Li, Farah Shaikh, Houssam Younes, Batool Abuhalimeh, Abdelrahman Zamzam, Rawand Abdin, Mohammad Qadura
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease
Subjects:
growth factors
insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1
major adverse cardiovascular events
prognosis
peripheral artery disease
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2308-3425/12/7/253
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