Incidence and risk factors for the development of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations after stage 2 palliation

Objective: This study evaluated the current incidence of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) following stage 2 palliation (S2P). Methods: Patients who underwent S2P, either through a bidirectional cavopulmonary shunt (BCPS) or the Kawashima procedure (KP) between 1992 and 2022, were review...

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Main Authors: Lea Behrend, Thibault Schaeffer, Muneaki Matsubara, Jonas Palm, Teresa Lemmen, Nicole Piber, Paul Philipp Heinisch, Stanimir Georgiev, Alfred Hager, Peter Ewert, Jürgen Hörer, Masamichi Ono
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-09-01
Series:International Journal of Cardiology Congenital Heart Disease
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666668525000473
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