Spin Transfer Torque Evaluation Based on Coupled Spin and Charge Transport: A Finite Element Method Approach
Emerging spin transfer torque magnetoresistive random access memories (STT MRAM) are nonvolatile and offer high speed and endurance. MRAM cells include a fixed reference magnetic layer and a free-to-switch ferromagnetic layer (FL), separated by a tunnel barrier. The FL usually consists of several su...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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International Institute of Informatics and Cybernetics
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Journal of Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics |
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| Online Access: | http://www.iiisci.org/Journal/PDV/sci/pdfs/SA265RK22.pdf
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| author | Simone Fiorentini Johannes Ender Siegfried Selberherr Wolfgang Goes Viktor Sverdlov |
| author_facet | Simone Fiorentini Johannes Ender Siegfried Selberherr Wolfgang Goes Viktor Sverdlov |
| author_sort | Simone Fiorentini |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Emerging spin transfer torque magnetoresistive random access memories (STT MRAM) are nonvolatile and offer high speed and endurance. MRAM cells include a fixed reference magnetic layer and a free-to-switch ferromagnetic layer (FL), separated by a tunnel barrier. The FL usually consists of several sub-layers separated by nonmagnetic buffer layers. The magnetization dynamics is governed by the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG) equation supplemented with the corresponding torques. To accurately design MRAM cells it is necessary to evaluate the torques in composite magnetic layers, which depend on nonequilibrium spin accumulation generated by an electric current. Spin accumulation and current also depend on the magnetization. Therefore, the LLG and the spin-charge transport equations must be solved simultaneously. We apply the finite element method (FEM) to numerically solve this coupled system of partial differential equations. We follow a modular approach and use well-developed C++ FEM libraries. For the computation of the torques acting in a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ), a magnetization-dependent resistivity of the tunnel barrier is introduced. A fully three-dimensional solution of the equations is performed to accurately model the torques acting on the magnetization. The use of a unique set of equations for the whole memory cell is an ultimate advantage of our approach. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-48447d97eee24aedba3b38abd2812470 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1690-4524 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | International Institute of Informatics and Cybernetics |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics |
| spelling | doaj-art-48447d97eee24aedba3b38abd28124702025-08-20T01:47:51ZengInternational Institute of Informatics and CyberneticsJournal of Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics1690-45242022-08-012044044Spin Transfer Torque Evaluation Based on Coupled Spin and Charge Transport: A Finite Element Method ApproachSimone FiorentiniJohannes EnderSiegfried SelberherrWolfgang GoesViktor SverdlovEmerging spin transfer torque magnetoresistive random access memories (STT MRAM) are nonvolatile and offer high speed and endurance. MRAM cells include a fixed reference magnetic layer and a free-to-switch ferromagnetic layer (FL), separated by a tunnel barrier. The FL usually consists of several sub-layers separated by nonmagnetic buffer layers. The magnetization dynamics is governed by the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG) equation supplemented with the corresponding torques. To accurately design MRAM cells it is necessary to evaluate the torques in composite magnetic layers, which depend on nonequilibrium spin accumulation generated by an electric current. Spin accumulation and current also depend on the magnetization. Therefore, the LLG and the spin-charge transport equations must be solved simultaneously. We apply the finite element method (FEM) to numerically solve this coupled system of partial differential equations. We follow a modular approach and use well-developed C++ FEM libraries. For the computation of the torques acting in a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ), a magnetization-dependent resistivity of the tunnel barrier is introduced. A fully three-dimensional solution of the equations is performed to accurately model the torques acting on the magnetization. The use of a unique set of equations for the whole memory cell is an ultimate advantage of our approach.http://www.iiisci.org/Journal/PDV/sci/pdfs/SA265RK22.pdf spin transfer torquespin accumulationspin and charge drift-diffusionfinite element methodmram |
| spellingShingle | Simone Fiorentini Johannes Ender Siegfried Selberherr Wolfgang Goes Viktor Sverdlov Spin Transfer Torque Evaluation Based on Coupled Spin and Charge Transport: A Finite Element Method Approach Journal of Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics spin transfer torque spin accumulation spin and charge drift-diffusion finite element method mram |
| title | Spin Transfer Torque Evaluation Based on Coupled Spin and Charge Transport: A Finite Element Method Approach |
| title_full | Spin Transfer Torque Evaluation Based on Coupled Spin and Charge Transport: A Finite Element Method Approach |
| title_fullStr | Spin Transfer Torque Evaluation Based on Coupled Spin and Charge Transport: A Finite Element Method Approach |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spin Transfer Torque Evaluation Based on Coupled Spin and Charge Transport: A Finite Element Method Approach |
| title_short | Spin Transfer Torque Evaluation Based on Coupled Spin and Charge Transport: A Finite Element Method Approach |
| title_sort | spin transfer torque evaluation based on coupled spin and charge transport a finite element method approach |
| topic | spin transfer torque spin accumulation spin and charge drift-diffusion finite element method mram |
| url | http://www.iiisci.org/Journal/PDV/sci/pdfs/SA265RK22.pdf
|
| work_keys_str_mv | AT simonefiorentini spintransfertorqueevaluationbasedoncoupledspinandchargetransportafiniteelementmethodapproach AT johannesender spintransfertorqueevaluationbasedoncoupledspinandchargetransportafiniteelementmethodapproach AT siegfriedselberherr spintransfertorqueevaluationbasedoncoupledspinandchargetransportafiniteelementmethodapproach AT wolfganggoes spintransfertorqueevaluationbasedoncoupledspinandchargetransportafiniteelementmethodapproach AT viktorsverdlov spintransfertorqueevaluationbasedoncoupledspinandchargetransportafiniteelementmethodapproach |