Collective action under risk and uncertainty: assessing impacts on smallholder farmers' income and food security in Malawi

IntroductionSmallholder farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa face increasing challenges, compounded by risks such as climate change, global conflicts, and food insecurity. Collective action has been promoted as a strategic mechanism to strengthen smallholder farmers' livelihoods, yet limited empirical...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jinwon Suh, Seongtae Ji, Tabitha C. Nindi-Chigwe
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-07-01
Series:Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2025.1607329/full
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