Regulating chemoresistance and cancer stemness: the CDH17-YAP pathway in distinct cellular states of lung cancer CTC clusters

Abstract Background Drug resistance in metastatic lung cancer significantly contributes to patient mortality. This study explores the role of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), the precursors to metastasis, in driving this resistance. We aim to delineate the unique biological traits of CTC clusters in...

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Main Authors: Zujun Que, Dan Qi, Yun Yang, Wang Yao, Jiajun Liu, Yan Li, Yuanyuan Yu, Luyao Wang, Fangfei Li, Ge Zhang, Erxi Wu, Jianhui Tian
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-02-01
Series:Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s11658-025-00696-9
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author Zujun Que
Dan Qi
Yun Yang
Wang Yao
Jiajun Liu
Yan Li
Yuanyuan Yu
Luyao Wang
Fangfei Li
Ge Zhang
Erxi Wu
Jianhui Tian
author_facet Zujun Que
Dan Qi
Yun Yang
Wang Yao
Jiajun Liu
Yan Li
Yuanyuan Yu
Luyao Wang
Fangfei Li
Ge Zhang
Erxi Wu
Jianhui Tian
author_sort Zujun Que
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Drug resistance in metastatic lung cancer significantly contributes to patient mortality. This study explores the role of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), the precursors to metastasis, in driving this resistance. We aim to delineate the unique biological traits of CTC clusters in lung cancer and elucidate the mechanisms underlying their resistance to chemotherapy. Methods We used an ultralow adsorption plate to establish a CTC suspension culture system. Comparisons between adherent and suspension cultures of CTC-TJH-01 cells were made via Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), western blot, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry assays to evaluate cell proliferation, drug resistance, and cancer stemness. The tumorigenicity, tumor growth rate, and drug resistance of the CTC clusters were assessed in nude mice. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses were subsequently conducted to identify differentially expressed genes and proteins in CTC-TJH-01 cells cultured under adherent and suspension conditions. CDH17 gene knockdown in CTC-TJH-01 cells was achieved through RNA interference, and hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence assays were used to examine the pathological status of these cells. Results CTC-TJH-01 cells in suspension formed cell clusters and exhibited decreased proliferation, tumorigenicity, and tumor growth, but increased cancer stemness and drug resistance. CDH17 protein expression was significantly upregulated in these clusters, activating the YAP/TAZ pathway. Knocking down CDH17 not only inactivated this pathway but also significantly increased cell proliferation activity and cisplatin sensitivity in CTC-TJH-01 clusters. Additionally, the tumor growth rate was correlated with cisplatin sensitivity. CDH17 knockdown notably promoted the growth of CTC-TJH-01 xenografts and enhanced their sensitivity to cisplatin, although no significant difference was observed compared with those in the control group. Conclusions The results indicate that lung CTC clusters with stem cell-like properties exhibit chemoresistance, which is linked to an activated CDH17-YAP pathway. Additionally, the effectiveness of cisplatin is primarily observed in tumors with relatively high growth rates, highlighting the connection between tumor growth and sensitivity to chemotherapy. Graphical abstract
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series Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters
spelling doaj-art-45bf6a5e68ec495fb2248ad324c827fc2025-08-20T03:03:50ZengBMCCellular & Molecular Biology Letters1689-13922025-02-0130111810.1186/s11658-025-00696-9Regulating chemoresistance and cancer stemness: the CDH17-YAP pathway in distinct cellular states of lung cancer CTC clustersZujun Que0Dan Qi1Yun Yang2Wang Yao3Jiajun Liu4Yan Li5Yuanyuan Yu6Luyao Wang7Fangfei Li8Ge Zhang9Erxi Wu10Jianhui Tian11Institute of Oncology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineDepartment of Neurosurgery and Neuroscience Institute, Baylor Scott & White HealthClinical Oncology Center, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineClinical Oncology Center, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineInstitute of Oncology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineClinical Oncology Center, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineLaw Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist UniversityLaw Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist UniversityLaw Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist UniversityLaw Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist UniversityDepartment of Neurosurgery and Neuroscience Institute, Baylor Scott & White HealthInstitute of Oncology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineAbstract Background Drug resistance in metastatic lung cancer significantly contributes to patient mortality. This study explores the role of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), the precursors to metastasis, in driving this resistance. We aim to delineate the unique biological traits of CTC clusters in lung cancer and elucidate the mechanisms underlying their resistance to chemotherapy. Methods We used an ultralow adsorption plate to establish a CTC suspension culture system. Comparisons between adherent and suspension cultures of CTC-TJH-01 cells were made via Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), western blot, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry assays to evaluate cell proliferation, drug resistance, and cancer stemness. The tumorigenicity, tumor growth rate, and drug resistance of the CTC clusters were assessed in nude mice. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses were subsequently conducted to identify differentially expressed genes and proteins in CTC-TJH-01 cells cultured under adherent and suspension conditions. CDH17 gene knockdown in CTC-TJH-01 cells was achieved through RNA interference, and hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence assays were used to examine the pathological status of these cells. Results CTC-TJH-01 cells in suspension formed cell clusters and exhibited decreased proliferation, tumorigenicity, and tumor growth, but increased cancer stemness and drug resistance. CDH17 protein expression was significantly upregulated in these clusters, activating the YAP/TAZ pathway. Knocking down CDH17 not only inactivated this pathway but also significantly increased cell proliferation activity and cisplatin sensitivity in CTC-TJH-01 clusters. Additionally, the tumor growth rate was correlated with cisplatin sensitivity. CDH17 knockdown notably promoted the growth of CTC-TJH-01 xenografts and enhanced their sensitivity to cisplatin, although no significant difference was observed compared with those in the control group. Conclusions The results indicate that lung CTC clusters with stem cell-like properties exhibit chemoresistance, which is linked to an activated CDH17-YAP pathway. Additionally, the effectiveness of cisplatin is primarily observed in tumors with relatively high growth rates, highlighting the connection between tumor growth and sensitivity to chemotherapy. Graphical abstracthttps://doi.org/10.1186/s11658-025-00696-9Lung cancerCirculating tumor cellsCancer stemnessChemoresistanceCDH17-YAP pathway
spellingShingle Zujun Que
Dan Qi
Yun Yang
Wang Yao
Jiajun Liu
Yan Li
Yuanyuan Yu
Luyao Wang
Fangfei Li
Ge Zhang
Erxi Wu
Jianhui Tian
Regulating chemoresistance and cancer stemness: the CDH17-YAP pathway in distinct cellular states of lung cancer CTC clusters
Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters
Lung cancer
Circulating tumor cells
Cancer stemness
Chemoresistance
CDH17-YAP pathway
title Regulating chemoresistance and cancer stemness: the CDH17-YAP pathway in distinct cellular states of lung cancer CTC clusters
title_full Regulating chemoresistance and cancer stemness: the CDH17-YAP pathway in distinct cellular states of lung cancer CTC clusters
title_fullStr Regulating chemoresistance and cancer stemness: the CDH17-YAP pathway in distinct cellular states of lung cancer CTC clusters
title_full_unstemmed Regulating chemoresistance and cancer stemness: the CDH17-YAP pathway in distinct cellular states of lung cancer CTC clusters
title_short Regulating chemoresistance and cancer stemness: the CDH17-YAP pathway in distinct cellular states of lung cancer CTC clusters
title_sort regulating chemoresistance and cancer stemness the cdh17 yap pathway in distinct cellular states of lung cancer ctc clusters
topic Lung cancer
Circulating tumor cells
Cancer stemness
Chemoresistance
CDH17-YAP pathway
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s11658-025-00696-9
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