Surrogate Indexes of Insulin Resistance Are Affected by Sex and Gender and by the Combination of Smoking and Oral Contraceptives

Surrogate Indexes of Insulin Resistance Are Affected by Sex and Gender and by the Combination of Smoking and Oral Contraceptives

Background: Surrogate indexes of insulin resistance (IR) are less expensive than the euglycemic glucose clamp. The simultaneous impact of sex and gender, smoking, and combined oral contraceptives (COC) on IR surrogate indexes was studied in a cohort of healthy young men and women (stratified in COC-...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Giancarlo Tonolo, Andrea Montella, Mariangela V. Puci, Giovanni Sotgiu, Narcisa Muresu, Sara Cherchi, Mario Palermo, Giuseppe Seghieri, Flavia Franconi, Ilaria Campesi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Series:Diabetology
Subjects:
tobacco smoking
combined oral contraceptives
sex and gender differences
insulin resistance
insulin resistance indexes
humans
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4540/5/7/50
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