Causal Associations Between Nitrogen Dioxide Exposure and Thyroid Nodules: a Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Analysis

Abstract Background Recent epidemiological studies have pointed to nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) as a contributing factor in the formation of thyroid nodules. Nevertheless, causal inference remains challenging due to the limitations of conventional observational studies. In this investigation, we applied t...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Chengxiang Liu, Sainan Li, Chen Zhu, Shan Chen, Juan Zhou, Hong Chen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer 2025-05-01
Series:Aerosol and Air Quality Research
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/s44408-025-00023-z
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!