Environmental effects on surface lead–calcium apatite formation on Roman wall paintings

Environmental effects on surface lead–calcium apatite formation on Roman wall paintings

Abstract The formation of lead apatites in heritage objects is increasingly recognized as a recurrent phenomenon, however their origins and formation mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study explores the process behind the darkening and surface clouding in Roman fresco paintings, providing no...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Francesc Albert-Tortosa, Núria Jiménez, Trinitat Pradell, Salvador Butí, Victoria Beltran, Lídia Font, Nati Salvadó
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-05-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Lead calcium apatite
Plattnerite
Wall painting
Lead pigments
Synchrotron-based X-ray diffraction
Scanning electron microscopy
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-03620-5
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https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-03620-5

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