Mitigation effect of grape seed extract against cadmium-induced hormonal toxicity in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Mitigation effect of grape seed extract against cadmium-induced hormonal toxicity in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Abstract Background Cadmium (Cd), a highly toxic heavy metal, poses a significant threat to aquatic organisms by disrupting endocrine and metabolic processes. Its bioaccumulation in fish can impair hormonal regulation, leading to growth suppression, stress, and thyroid dysfunction. Alternative strat...

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Main Authors: Nuh Korkmaz, Kenan Erdoğan, Gül Nihal Örün, Belda Erkmen, Mehmet İlker Doğru, Arzu Doğru, Hüseyin Polat, İbrahim Örün
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:BMC Veterinary Research
Subjects:
Cyprinus carpio
Vitis vinifera
Cadmium
GH/IGF-1
ACTH-cortisol
Thyroid hormones
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04864-z
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https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04864-z

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