Enhanced remediation of Pb(II)-Contaminated Fine-Grained soil using citric acid ex situ leaching coupled with electrochemical treatment

Enhanced remediation of Pb(II)-Contaminated Fine-Grained soil using citric acid ex situ leaching coupled with electrochemical treatment

Abstract This study proposes an efficient ex situ remediation method combining leaching with electrochemical treatment for Pb(II)-contaminated fine-grained soil. During the leaching stage, citric acid (CA) was identified as the optimal leaching agent, with the optimal washing conditions determined a...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Xiaoliang Zhao, Shaohui Feng, Bandna Bharti, Fangwei Han, Zhao Lian, Zhaolin Shen, Jing Du, Yide Li, Hanliang Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Fine-grained soil contaminated with Pb2+
Leaching-electrochemical remediation process
Constant current operational mode
Pb² + removal efficiency
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-10178-9
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https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-10178-9

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