Influence of Coal Bottom Ash as Fine Aggregate Replacement on the Mechanical Properties of Stone Mastic Asphalt

Influence of Coal Bottom Ash as Fine Aggregate Replacement on the Mechanical Properties of Stone Mastic Asphalt

Coal bottom ash (CBA) is a waste produced by burning coal that presents possible hazards to human well-being and the environment. Rapid economic expansion has increased the utilisation of CBA, resulting in a crisis concerning the disposal of this waste. By employing waste as a replacement for natura...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Syakirah Afiza Mohammed, Suhana Koting, Ali Mohammed Babalghaith, Mohd Hafizan Md. Isa, Faridah Hanim Khairuddin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Applied Sciences
Subjects:
recycling
waste materials
coal bottom ash
fine aggregate replacement
asphalt mixture
sustainability
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/12/6826
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