A Systematic State-of-the-Art Review of Asian Research on Principal Instructional Leadership, 1987–2024

Interest in instructional leadership has grown dramatically in Asia since 2010. This systematic state-of-the-art review analyzed the evolution of analytical models, research methods, and findings in Asian studies of instructional leadership that employed the Principal Instructional Management Rating...

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Main Authors: Philip Hallinger, Shengnan Liu, Pwint Nee Aung
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Education Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7102/15/7/817
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author Philip Hallinger
Shengnan Liu
Pwint Nee Aung
author_facet Philip Hallinger
Shengnan Liu
Pwint Nee Aung
author_sort Philip Hallinger
collection DOAJ
description Interest in instructional leadership has grown dramatically in Asia since 2010. This systematic state-of-the-art review analyzed the evolution of analytical models, research methods, and findings in Asian studies of instructional leadership that employed the Principal Instructional Management Rating Scale (PIMRS). The authors applied content analysis to 349 Asian instructional leadership studies sourced from multiple digital databases. The publication of Asia-based studies of instructional leadership increased from 47 before 2011 to 257 in the subsequent 15 years. Our analysis of 302 quantitative and mixed methods studies found that Asian scholars have primarily employed univariate and direct effects models in their instructional leadership studies, a limitation for knowledge advancement. At the same time, the use of advanced multivariate analytical models increased from 2.1% of the literature before 2011 to 23.3% in the subsequent period. Analysis of 20 “state-of-the-art studies” found a consistent pattern of significant mediated and direct effects of instructional leadership on teacher attitudes and practices. Moreover, several well-designed studies found that a school’s cultural context moderated the effects of instructional leadership on teaching and learning. Findings from the state-of-the-art review highlight the relationship between analytical models, variable selection, and research methods in studies that advance knowledge.
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spelling doaj-art-3af4c288fa4847fc93cec6ab46b9883b2025-08-20T03:58:26ZengMDPI AGEducation Sciences2227-71022025-06-0115781710.3390/educsci15070817A Systematic State-of-the-Art Review of Asian Research on Principal Instructional Leadership, 1987–2024Philip Hallinger0Shengnan Liu1Pwint Nee Aung2College of Management, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, ThailandDepartment of Educational Management, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, ChinaRoyal Academic Institute, Yangon 11061, MyanmarInterest in instructional leadership has grown dramatically in Asia since 2010. This systematic state-of-the-art review analyzed the evolution of analytical models, research methods, and findings in Asian studies of instructional leadership that employed the Principal Instructional Management Rating Scale (PIMRS). The authors applied content analysis to 349 Asian instructional leadership studies sourced from multiple digital databases. The publication of Asia-based studies of instructional leadership increased from 47 before 2011 to 257 in the subsequent 15 years. Our analysis of 302 quantitative and mixed methods studies found that Asian scholars have primarily employed univariate and direct effects models in their instructional leadership studies, a limitation for knowledge advancement. At the same time, the use of advanced multivariate analytical models increased from 2.1% of the literature before 2011 to 23.3% in the subsequent period. Analysis of 20 “state-of-the-art studies” found a consistent pattern of significant mediated and direct effects of instructional leadership on teacher attitudes and practices. Moreover, several well-designed studies found that a school’s cultural context moderated the effects of instructional leadership on teaching and learning. Findings from the state-of-the-art review highlight the relationship between analytical models, variable selection, and research methods in studies that advance knowledge.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7102/15/7/817systematic reviewstate-of-the-art reviewinstructional leadershipprincipalprincipal instructional management rating scalePIMRS
spellingShingle Philip Hallinger
Shengnan Liu
Pwint Nee Aung
A Systematic State-of-the-Art Review of Asian Research on Principal Instructional Leadership, 1987–2024
Education Sciences
systematic review
state-of-the-art review
instructional leadership
principal
principal instructional management rating scale
PIMRS
title A Systematic State-of-the-Art Review of Asian Research on Principal Instructional Leadership, 1987–2024
title_full A Systematic State-of-the-Art Review of Asian Research on Principal Instructional Leadership, 1987–2024
title_fullStr A Systematic State-of-the-Art Review of Asian Research on Principal Instructional Leadership, 1987–2024
title_full_unstemmed A Systematic State-of-the-Art Review of Asian Research on Principal Instructional Leadership, 1987–2024
title_short A Systematic State-of-the-Art Review of Asian Research on Principal Instructional Leadership, 1987–2024
title_sort systematic state of the art review of asian research on principal instructional leadership 1987 2024
topic systematic review
state-of-the-art review
instructional leadership
principal
principal instructional management rating scale
PIMRS
url https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7102/15/7/817
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