Utilizing Invasive <i>Pterygoplichthys pardalis</i> as a Sustainable Fish Meal Substitute and <i>Euphorbia hirta</i> Extract Supplement: Effects on Growth Performance, Organosomatic Indices, Hematological Profiles, and Serum Biochemistry in Chinese Bullfrogs (<i>Hoplobatrachus chinensis</i>)
This research examined the efficacy of substituting commercial fish meal (CFM) with <i>Pterygoplichthys pardalis</i> meal (PPM) in <i>Hoplobatrachus chinensis</i> diets, with and without <i>Euphorbia hirta</i> extract (EHE) supplementation. The study utilized six...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Sontaya Sookying Phanit Srisuttha Vipada Rodprasert Chanthima Chaodon Wikit Phinrub Nantaporn Sutthi Paiboon Panase |
| author_facet | Sontaya Sookying Phanit Srisuttha Vipada Rodprasert Chanthima Chaodon Wikit Phinrub Nantaporn Sutthi Paiboon Panase |
| author_sort | Sontaya Sookying |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This research examined the efficacy of substituting commercial fish meal (CFM) with <i>Pterygoplichthys pardalis</i> meal (PPM) in <i>Hoplobatrachus chinensis</i> diets, with and without <i>Euphorbia hirta</i> extract (EHE) supplementation. The study utilized six dietary treatments: a control diet (0% PPM, no EHE) and five experimental diets with varying PPM levels (0%+, 25%+, 50%+, 75%+, and 100%+), each fortified with 300 mg/kg EHE. The experiment spanned 90 days. The analysis revealed that PPM exhibited superior amino acid profiles compared to CFM, both in quality and quantity, while CFM demonstrated higher fatty acid content. The growth metrics showed a significant decline only in the group receiving 100% PPM replacement with EHE supplementation. Most organosomatic indices remained consistent across the treatments, with the exception of intraperitoneal fat, which decreased in all EHE-supplemented groups. Blood parameters, including white blood cells, red blood cells, and hematocrit, along with serum proteins (total protein, globulin, and albumin), displayed an upward trend in all EHE-supplemented groups. The 50%+ and 75%+ PPM replacement groups exhibited significantly elevated serum glucose levels (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Liver enzymes (alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase) showed no significant variations among the treatments. The results indicate that PPM can serve as an effective replacement for up to 75% of CFM in <i>H. chinensis</i> feed, without compromising their growth performance. Moreover, supplementing with EHE helps to enhance essential biochemical indices in the body, without adversely affecting liver function. This investigation offers valuable perspectives on the development of sustainable aquaculture feed and the potential application of invasive fish species in aquatic animal nutrition. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-391f12d62a554b349507c3e8ffcbb174 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2075-1729 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Life |
| spelling | doaj-art-391f12d62a554b349507c3e8ffcbb1742025-01-24T13:38:51ZengMDPI AGLife2075-17292025-01-0115111510.3390/life15010115Utilizing Invasive <i>Pterygoplichthys pardalis</i> as a Sustainable Fish Meal Substitute and <i>Euphorbia hirta</i> Extract Supplement: Effects on Growth Performance, Organosomatic Indices, Hematological Profiles, and Serum Biochemistry in Chinese Bullfrogs (<i>Hoplobatrachus chinensis</i>)Sontaya Sookying0Phanit Srisuttha1Vipada Rodprasert2Chanthima Chaodon3Wikit Phinrub4Nantaporn Sutthi5Paiboon Panase6Division of Pharmacy and Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Care, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, ThailandDepartment of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, ThailandDivision of Fisheries, School of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, ThailandDivision of Fisheries, School of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, ThailandUnit of Excellence Physiology and Sustainable Production of Terrestrial and Aquatic Animals, School of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, ThailandUnit of Excellence Physiology and Sustainable Production of Terrestrial and Aquatic Animals, School of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, ThailandUnit of Excellence Physiology and Sustainable Production of Terrestrial and Aquatic Animals, School of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, ThailandThis research examined the efficacy of substituting commercial fish meal (CFM) with <i>Pterygoplichthys pardalis</i> meal (PPM) in <i>Hoplobatrachus chinensis</i> diets, with and without <i>Euphorbia hirta</i> extract (EHE) supplementation. The study utilized six dietary treatments: a control diet (0% PPM, no EHE) and five experimental diets with varying PPM levels (0%+, 25%+, 50%+, 75%+, and 100%+), each fortified with 300 mg/kg EHE. The experiment spanned 90 days. The analysis revealed that PPM exhibited superior amino acid profiles compared to CFM, both in quality and quantity, while CFM demonstrated higher fatty acid content. The growth metrics showed a significant decline only in the group receiving 100% PPM replacement with EHE supplementation. Most organosomatic indices remained consistent across the treatments, with the exception of intraperitoneal fat, which decreased in all EHE-supplemented groups. Blood parameters, including white blood cells, red blood cells, and hematocrit, along with serum proteins (total protein, globulin, and albumin), displayed an upward trend in all EHE-supplemented groups. The 50%+ and 75%+ PPM replacement groups exhibited significantly elevated serum glucose levels (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Liver enzymes (alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase) showed no significant variations among the treatments. The results indicate that PPM can serve as an effective replacement for up to 75% of CFM in <i>H. chinensis</i> feed, without compromising their growth performance. Moreover, supplementing with EHE helps to enhance essential biochemical indices in the body, without adversely affecting liver function. This investigation offers valuable perspectives on the development of sustainable aquaculture feed and the potential application of invasive fish species in aquatic animal nutrition.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/15/1/115Amazon sailfin catfishfish meal replacementherbal extractfrog culturephysiological responses |
| spellingShingle | Sontaya Sookying Phanit Srisuttha Vipada Rodprasert Chanthima Chaodon Wikit Phinrub Nantaporn Sutthi Paiboon Panase Utilizing Invasive <i>Pterygoplichthys pardalis</i> as a Sustainable Fish Meal Substitute and <i>Euphorbia hirta</i> Extract Supplement: Effects on Growth Performance, Organosomatic Indices, Hematological Profiles, and Serum Biochemistry in Chinese Bullfrogs (<i>Hoplobatrachus chinensis</i>) Life Amazon sailfin catfish fish meal replacement herbal extract frog culture physiological responses |
| title | Utilizing Invasive <i>Pterygoplichthys pardalis</i> as a Sustainable Fish Meal Substitute and <i>Euphorbia hirta</i> Extract Supplement: Effects on Growth Performance, Organosomatic Indices, Hematological Profiles, and Serum Biochemistry in Chinese Bullfrogs (<i>Hoplobatrachus chinensis</i>) |
| title_full | Utilizing Invasive <i>Pterygoplichthys pardalis</i> as a Sustainable Fish Meal Substitute and <i>Euphorbia hirta</i> Extract Supplement: Effects on Growth Performance, Organosomatic Indices, Hematological Profiles, and Serum Biochemistry in Chinese Bullfrogs (<i>Hoplobatrachus chinensis</i>) |
| title_fullStr | Utilizing Invasive <i>Pterygoplichthys pardalis</i> as a Sustainable Fish Meal Substitute and <i>Euphorbia hirta</i> Extract Supplement: Effects on Growth Performance, Organosomatic Indices, Hematological Profiles, and Serum Biochemistry in Chinese Bullfrogs (<i>Hoplobatrachus chinensis</i>) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Utilizing Invasive <i>Pterygoplichthys pardalis</i> as a Sustainable Fish Meal Substitute and <i>Euphorbia hirta</i> Extract Supplement: Effects on Growth Performance, Organosomatic Indices, Hematological Profiles, and Serum Biochemistry in Chinese Bullfrogs (<i>Hoplobatrachus chinensis</i>) |
| title_short | Utilizing Invasive <i>Pterygoplichthys pardalis</i> as a Sustainable Fish Meal Substitute and <i>Euphorbia hirta</i> Extract Supplement: Effects on Growth Performance, Organosomatic Indices, Hematological Profiles, and Serum Biochemistry in Chinese Bullfrogs (<i>Hoplobatrachus chinensis</i>) |
| title_sort | utilizing invasive i pterygoplichthys pardalis i as a sustainable fish meal substitute and i euphorbia hirta i extract supplement effects on growth performance organosomatic indices hematological profiles and serum biochemistry in chinese bullfrogs i hoplobatrachus chinensis i |
| topic | Amazon sailfin catfish fish meal replacement herbal extract frog culture physiological responses |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/15/1/115 |
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