Cross-national differences in the association between estimated cardiorespiratory fitness and depressive symptoms among older adults: findings from three nationwide cohort studies

Abstract Background Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a modifiable risk factor for chronic diseases, but its association with depressive symptoms remains unclear, particularly across different populations. We aimed to investigate the link between estimated CRF (eCRF) and incident depressive symptom...

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Main Authors: Xue He, Cong Li, GuangYao Hua, Yan Wang, Lijun Zhang, Chingyu Cheng, Jinghua Jiao, Honghua Yu, Xiaohong Yang, Lei Liu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:BMC Medicine
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-025-04175-y
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