Financial toxicity and psychological distress in cardiovascular non-cancer multimorbidity: a latent profile analysis and causal weighting

BackgroundCardiovascular disease with multimorbidity imposes substantial long-term financial burdens. Financial toxicity, the financial burden associated with healthcare, is increasingly recognized as a psychosocial stressor affecting health outcomes among chronically ill populations. However, its p...

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Main Authors: Ruihan Wu, Jiali Zhou, Huafen Liu, Shanshan Liu, Xiaojie Ma, Tian Li, Jingjing Tao, Zhongxiang Cai
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-08-01
Series:Frontiers in Psychology
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1633445/full
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