The effects of local and systemic metronidazole on bone healing in mandibular defects: a rat model
Abstract Objective This study evaluated the effects of local and systemic Metronidazole (MTZ) on bone healing in infected mandibular defects using a rat model. Study design Thirty Wistar rats were divided into Control, Local MTZ (L-MTZ), and Systemic MTZ (S-MTZ) groups. Mandibular defects were treat...
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BMC
2025-07-01
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| Series: | BMC Oral Health |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-06254-1 |
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| author | Aysan Lektemur Alpan Alper Kızıldağ Özlem Özmen Necati Zavrak Zeynep Özdoğan Aysun Akpınar |
| author_facet | Aysan Lektemur Alpan Alper Kızıldağ Özlem Özmen Necati Zavrak Zeynep Özdoğan Aysun Akpınar |
| author_sort | Aysan Lektemur Alpan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Objective This study evaluated the effects of local and systemic Metronidazole (MTZ) on bone healing in infected mandibular defects using a rat model. Study design Thirty Wistar rats were divided into Control, Local MTZ (L-MTZ), and Systemic MTZ (S-MTZ) groups. Mandibular defects were treated with xenograft mixed saliva from periodontitis patients. Bone regeneration was evaluated using micro-CT and histological analyses. Bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand (RANKL), osteocalcin (OCN), and beta-catenin (β-catenin), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels evaluated. Results Increased bone formation and reduced osteoclast counts were detected in the L-MTZ group compared to the Control. β-catenin expression was significantly higher in the L-MTZ group, BMP-2 and Runx2 levels were elevated in both L-MTZ and S-MTZ groups. ALP and OCN levels were the highest in the L-MTZ group, with no significant difference between the L-MTZ and S-MTZ groups. hs-CRP levels were significantly lower in MTZ-treated groups. Micro-CT analysis revealed the highest bone volume/total volume (BV/TV) ratio in the S-MTZ group among all groups. Conclusion Local MTZ application enhanced bone regeneration by promoting osteoblast activity, activating β-catenin and BMP-2/Runx2 signaling, and reducing inflammation. Systemic MTZ also improved bone healing, particularly in volumetric aspects. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-362235b7e2d9492b8d1da130f1b49d12 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1472-6831 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Oral Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-362235b7e2d9492b8d1da130f1b49d122025-08-20T04:01:42ZengBMCBMC Oral Health1472-68312025-07-0125111310.1186/s12903-025-06254-1The effects of local and systemic metronidazole on bone healing in mandibular defects: a rat modelAysan Lektemur Alpan0Alper Kızıldağ1Özlem Özmen2Necati Zavrak3Zeynep Özdoğan4Aysun Akpınar5Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Pamukkale UniversityDepartment of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Pamukkale UniversityDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy UniversityDepartment of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Pamukkale UniversityDepartment of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Pamukkale UniversityDepartment of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Bursa Uludağ UniversityAbstract Objective This study evaluated the effects of local and systemic Metronidazole (MTZ) on bone healing in infected mandibular defects using a rat model. Study design Thirty Wistar rats were divided into Control, Local MTZ (L-MTZ), and Systemic MTZ (S-MTZ) groups. Mandibular defects were treated with xenograft mixed saliva from periodontitis patients. Bone regeneration was evaluated using micro-CT and histological analyses. Bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand (RANKL), osteocalcin (OCN), and beta-catenin (β-catenin), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels evaluated. Results Increased bone formation and reduced osteoclast counts were detected in the L-MTZ group compared to the Control. β-catenin expression was significantly higher in the L-MTZ group, BMP-2 and Runx2 levels were elevated in both L-MTZ and S-MTZ groups. ALP and OCN levels were the highest in the L-MTZ group, with no significant difference between the L-MTZ and S-MTZ groups. hs-CRP levels were significantly lower in MTZ-treated groups. Micro-CT analysis revealed the highest bone volume/total volume (BV/TV) ratio in the S-MTZ group among all groups. Conclusion Local MTZ application enhanced bone regeneration by promoting osteoblast activity, activating β-catenin and BMP-2/Runx2 signaling, and reducing inflammation. Systemic MTZ also improved bone healing, particularly in volumetric aspects.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-06254-1Alveolar bone graftingMetronidazolemicro-CTImmunohistochemistryRatsXenograft |
| spellingShingle | Aysan Lektemur Alpan Alper Kızıldağ Özlem Özmen Necati Zavrak Zeynep Özdoğan Aysun Akpınar The effects of local and systemic metronidazole on bone healing in mandibular defects: a rat model BMC Oral Health Alveolar bone grafting Metronidazole micro-CT Immunohistochemistry Rats Xenograft |
| title | The effects of local and systemic metronidazole on bone healing in mandibular defects: a rat model |
| title_full | The effects of local and systemic metronidazole on bone healing in mandibular defects: a rat model |
| title_fullStr | The effects of local and systemic metronidazole on bone healing in mandibular defects: a rat model |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effects of local and systemic metronidazole on bone healing in mandibular defects: a rat model |
| title_short | The effects of local and systemic metronidazole on bone healing in mandibular defects: a rat model |
| title_sort | effects of local and systemic metronidazole on bone healing in mandibular defects a rat model |
| topic | Alveolar bone grafting Metronidazole micro-CT Immunohistochemistry Rats Xenograft |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-06254-1 |
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