RETRACTED: Assessment of Expression of Regulatory T Cell Differentiation Genes in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Dysfunction of regulatory T cells (Tregs) has been shown to affect the etiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Differentiation of this group of T cells has been found to be regulated by a group of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). In this study, we have examined the expression of five lncRNAs that...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnmol.2022.939224/full |
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| author | Mohammadarian Akbari Reyhane Eghtedarian Bashdar Mahmud Hussen Bashdar Mahmud Hussen Solat Eslami Solat Eslami Mohammad Taheri Seyedeh Morvarid Neishabouri Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard |
| author_facet | Mohammadarian Akbari Reyhane Eghtedarian Bashdar Mahmud Hussen Bashdar Mahmud Hussen Solat Eslami Solat Eslami Mohammad Taheri Seyedeh Morvarid Neishabouri Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard |
| author_sort | Mohammadarian Akbari |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Dysfunction of regulatory T cells (Tregs) has been shown to affect the etiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Differentiation of this group of T cells has been found to be regulated by a group of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). In this study, we have examined the expression of five lncRNAs that regulate this process in the blood samples of ASD cases compared with controls. These lncRNAs were FOXP3 regulating long intergenic non-coding RNA (FLICR), MAF transcriptional regulator RNA (MAFTRR), NEST (IFNG-AS1), RNA component of mitochondrial RNA processing endoribonuclease (RMRP), and Th2 cytokine locus control region (TH2-LCR). Expression of RMRP was significantly lower in total ASD cases compared to controls [expression ratio (95% CI) = 0.11 (0.08–0.18), adjusted P-value < 0.0001]. This pattern was also detected in both men and women cases compared with corresponding controls [expression ratio (95% CI) = 0.15 (0.08–0.29) and 0.08 (0.03–0.2), respectively]. Likewise, expression of NEST was reduced in total cases and cases among men and women compared with corresponding controls [expression ratio (95% CI) = 0.2 (0.14–0.28); 0.22 (0.12–0.37); and 0.19 (0.09–0.43), respectively; adjusted P-value < 0.0001]. Lastly, FLICR was downregulated in total cases and cases among both boys and girls compared with matched controls [expression ratio (95% CI) = 0.1 (0.06–0.19); 0.19 (0.08–0.46); and 0.06 (0.01–0.21), respectively; adjusted P-value < 0.0001]. These three lncRNAs had appropriate diagnostic power for differentiation of ASD cases from controls. Cumulatively, our study supports dysregulation of Treg-related lncRNAs in patients with ASD and suggests these lncRNAs as proper peripheral markers for ASD. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-358a8e992e8e4edbbabfda45ede58f5c |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1662-5099 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj-art-358a8e992e8e4edbbabfda45ede58f5c2025-08-20T02:06:27ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience1662-50992022-07-011510.3389/fnmol.2022.939224939224RETRACTED: Assessment of Expression of Regulatory T Cell Differentiation Genes in Autism Spectrum DisorderMohammadarian Akbari0Reyhane Eghtedarian1Bashdar Mahmud Hussen2Bashdar Mahmud Hussen3Solat Eslami4Solat Eslami5Mohammad Taheri6Seyedeh Morvarid Neishabouri7Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard8Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranPhytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, IraqCenter of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Erbil, IraqDietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, IranDepartment of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, IranInstitute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, GermanyDepartment of Psychiatric, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDysfunction of regulatory T cells (Tregs) has been shown to affect the etiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Differentiation of this group of T cells has been found to be regulated by a group of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). In this study, we have examined the expression of five lncRNAs that regulate this process in the blood samples of ASD cases compared with controls. These lncRNAs were FOXP3 regulating long intergenic non-coding RNA (FLICR), MAF transcriptional regulator RNA (MAFTRR), NEST (IFNG-AS1), RNA component of mitochondrial RNA processing endoribonuclease (RMRP), and Th2 cytokine locus control region (TH2-LCR). Expression of RMRP was significantly lower in total ASD cases compared to controls [expression ratio (95% CI) = 0.11 (0.08–0.18), adjusted P-value < 0.0001]. This pattern was also detected in both men and women cases compared with corresponding controls [expression ratio (95% CI) = 0.15 (0.08–0.29) and 0.08 (0.03–0.2), respectively]. Likewise, expression of NEST was reduced in total cases and cases among men and women compared with corresponding controls [expression ratio (95% CI) = 0.2 (0.14–0.28); 0.22 (0.12–0.37); and 0.19 (0.09–0.43), respectively; adjusted P-value < 0.0001]. Lastly, FLICR was downregulated in total cases and cases among both boys and girls compared with matched controls [expression ratio (95% CI) = 0.1 (0.06–0.19); 0.19 (0.08–0.46); and 0.06 (0.01–0.21), respectively; adjusted P-value < 0.0001]. These three lncRNAs had appropriate diagnostic power for differentiation of ASD cases from controls. Cumulatively, our study supports dysregulation of Treg-related lncRNAs in patients with ASD and suggests these lncRNAs as proper peripheral markers for ASD.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnmol.2022.939224/fullASDFLICRMAFTRRNESTRMRPTH2-LCR |
| spellingShingle | Mohammadarian Akbari Reyhane Eghtedarian Bashdar Mahmud Hussen Bashdar Mahmud Hussen Solat Eslami Solat Eslami Mohammad Taheri Seyedeh Morvarid Neishabouri Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard RETRACTED: Assessment of Expression of Regulatory T Cell Differentiation Genes in Autism Spectrum Disorder Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience ASD FLICR MAFTRR NEST RMRP TH2-LCR |
| title | RETRACTED: Assessment of Expression of Regulatory T Cell Differentiation Genes in Autism Spectrum Disorder |
| title_full | RETRACTED: Assessment of Expression of Regulatory T Cell Differentiation Genes in Autism Spectrum Disorder |
| title_fullStr | RETRACTED: Assessment of Expression of Regulatory T Cell Differentiation Genes in Autism Spectrum Disorder |
| title_full_unstemmed | RETRACTED: Assessment of Expression of Regulatory T Cell Differentiation Genes in Autism Spectrum Disorder |
| title_short | RETRACTED: Assessment of Expression of Regulatory T Cell Differentiation Genes in Autism Spectrum Disorder |
| title_sort | retracted assessment of expression of regulatory t cell differentiation genes in autism spectrum disorder |
| topic | ASD FLICR MAFTRR NEST RMRP TH2-LCR |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnmol.2022.939224/full |
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