Association of Elevated Serum GM-CSF, IFN-γ, IL-4, and TNF-α Concentration with Tobacco Smoke Induced Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in a South Indian Population

Association of Elevated Serum GM-CSF, IFN-γ, IL-4, and TNF-α Concentration with Tobacco Smoke Induced Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in a South Indian Population

Background. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a devastating condition with limited pharmacotherapeutic options and exceptionally high public-health burden globally as well as in India. Tobacco smoking is the primary cause for COPD among men in India. Systemic inflammation involving alt...

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Main Authors: Ankita Mitra, Sangeetha Vishweswaraiah, Tania Ahalya Thimraj, Mahendra Maheswarappa, Chaya Sindaghatta Krishnarao, Komarla Sundararaja Lokesh, Jayaraj Biligere Siddaiah, Koustav Ganguly, Mahesh Padukudru Anand
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2018-01-01
Series:International Journal of Inflammation
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2027856
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2027856

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