Testing the causal impact of plasma amyloid on total Tau using a genetically informative sample of adult male twins

The amyloid cascade hypothesis predicts that amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregation drives tau tangle accumulation. We tested competing causal and non-causal hypotheses regarding the direction of causation between Aβ40 and Aβ42 and total Tau (t-Tau) plasma biomarkers. Plasma Aβ40, Aβ42, t-Tau, and neurofilam...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Nathan A. Gillespie, Michael C. Neale, Matthew S. Panizzon, Ruth E. McKenzie, Xin M. Tu, Hong Xian, Chandra A. Reynolds, Michael J. Lyons, Robert A. Rissman, Jeremy A. Elman, Carol Franz, William S. Kremen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-01-01
Series:Aging Brain
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589958925000052
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849694597856362496
author Nathan A. Gillespie
Michael C. Neale
Matthew S. Panizzon
Ruth E. McKenzie
Xin M. Tu
Hong Xian
Chandra A. Reynolds
Michael J. Lyons
Robert A. Rissman
Jeremy A. Elman
Carol Franz
William S. Kremen
author_facet Nathan A. Gillespie
Michael C. Neale
Matthew S. Panizzon
Ruth E. McKenzie
Xin M. Tu
Hong Xian
Chandra A. Reynolds
Michael J. Lyons
Robert A. Rissman
Jeremy A. Elman
Carol Franz
William S. Kremen
author_sort Nathan A. Gillespie
collection DOAJ
description The amyloid cascade hypothesis predicts that amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregation drives tau tangle accumulation. We tested competing causal and non-causal hypotheses regarding the direction of causation between Aβ40 and Aβ42 and total Tau (t-Tau) plasma biomarkers. Plasma Aβ40, Aβ42, t-Tau, and neurofilament light chain (NFL) were measured in 1,035 men (mean = 67.0 years) using Simoa immunoassays. Genetically informative twin modeling tested the direction of causation between Aβs and t-Tau. No clear evidence that Aβ40 or Aβ42 directly causes t-Tau was observed. Instead, the alternative causal hypotheses also fit the data well. In contrast, exploratory analyses suggested a causal impact of the Aβ biomarkers on NFL. Separately, reciprocal causation was observed between t-Tau and NFL. Plasma Aβ40 or Aβ42 do not appear to have a direct causal impact on t-Tau, though our use of total rather than phosphorylated tau was a limitation. In contrast, Aβ biomarkers appeared to causally impact NFL in cognitively unimpaired men in their late 60 s.
format Article
id doaj-art-2d98f8f4b1c34effb60d9e04d0546939
institution DOAJ
issn 2589-9589
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Aging Brain
spelling doaj-art-2d98f8f4b1c34effb60d9e04d05469392025-08-20T03:20:01ZengElsevierAging Brain2589-95892025-01-01710013910.1016/j.nbas.2025.100139Testing the causal impact of plasma amyloid on total Tau using a genetically informative sample of adult male twinsNathan A. Gillespie0Michael C. Neale1Matthew S. Panizzon2Ruth E. McKenzie3Xin M. Tu4Hong Xian5Chandra A. Reynolds6Michael J. Lyons7Robert A. Rissman8Jeremy A. Elman9Carol Franz10William S. Kremen11Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behaviour Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Box 980126, Richmond, VA 23298-0126, USA; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia; Corresponding author at: Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics of VCU, Box 980126, Richmond, VA 23298-0126, United States.Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behaviour Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Box 980126, Richmond, VA 23298-0126, USADepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Psychology, Boston University, 64 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USAWinston School of Education and Social Policy at Merrimack College, 315 Turnpike Street, North Andover, MA 01845, USA; Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USADepartment of Psychology, Boston University, 64 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Saint Louis University, 3545 Lafayette Ave, St. Louis, MO 63104, USAResearch Service, VA St. Louis Healthcare System, 1 Jefferson Barracks Drive, St. Louis, MO 63125, USA; Institute for Behavioral Genetics and Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, 1480 30th Street, Boulder, CO 80309, USADepartment of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, 64 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USASam and Rose Stein Institute for Research on Aging, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USADepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Psychology, Boston University, 64 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USADepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Psychology, Boston University, 64 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USADepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Psychology, Boston University, 64 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USADepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Psychology, Boston University, 64 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USAThe amyloid cascade hypothesis predicts that amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregation drives tau tangle accumulation. We tested competing causal and non-causal hypotheses regarding the direction of causation between Aβ40 and Aβ42 and total Tau (t-Tau) plasma biomarkers. Plasma Aβ40, Aβ42, t-Tau, and neurofilament light chain (NFL) were measured in 1,035 men (mean = 67.0 years) using Simoa immunoassays. Genetically informative twin modeling tested the direction of causation between Aβs and t-Tau. No clear evidence that Aβ40 or Aβ42 directly causes t-Tau was observed. Instead, the alternative causal hypotheses also fit the data well. In contrast, exploratory analyses suggested a causal impact of the Aβ biomarkers on NFL. Separately, reciprocal causation was observed between t-Tau and NFL. Plasma Aβ40 or Aβ42 do not appear to have a direct causal impact on t-Tau, though our use of total rather than phosphorylated tau was a limitation. In contrast, Aβ biomarkers appeared to causally impact NFL in cognitively unimpaired men in their late 60 s.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589958925000052Cascade hypothesisPlasmaAmyloid-betaTauTwinGene
spellingShingle Nathan A. Gillespie
Michael C. Neale
Matthew S. Panizzon
Ruth E. McKenzie
Xin M. Tu
Hong Xian
Chandra A. Reynolds
Michael J. Lyons
Robert A. Rissman
Jeremy A. Elman
Carol Franz
William S. Kremen
Testing the causal impact of plasma amyloid on total Tau using a genetically informative sample of adult male twins
Aging Brain
Cascade hypothesis
Plasma
Amyloid-beta
Tau
Twin
Gene
title Testing the causal impact of plasma amyloid on total Tau using a genetically informative sample of adult male twins
title_full Testing the causal impact of plasma amyloid on total Tau using a genetically informative sample of adult male twins
title_fullStr Testing the causal impact of plasma amyloid on total Tau using a genetically informative sample of adult male twins
title_full_unstemmed Testing the causal impact of plasma amyloid on total Tau using a genetically informative sample of adult male twins
title_short Testing the causal impact of plasma amyloid on total Tau using a genetically informative sample of adult male twins
title_sort testing the causal impact of plasma amyloid on total tau using a genetically informative sample of adult male twins
topic Cascade hypothesis
Plasma
Amyloid-beta
Tau
Twin
Gene
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589958925000052
work_keys_str_mv AT nathanagillespie testingthecausalimpactofplasmaamyloidontotaltauusingageneticallyinformativesampleofadultmaletwins
AT michaelcneale testingthecausalimpactofplasmaamyloidontotaltauusingageneticallyinformativesampleofadultmaletwins
AT matthewspanizzon testingthecausalimpactofplasmaamyloidontotaltauusingageneticallyinformativesampleofadultmaletwins
AT ruthemckenzie testingthecausalimpactofplasmaamyloidontotaltauusingageneticallyinformativesampleofadultmaletwins
AT xinmtu testingthecausalimpactofplasmaamyloidontotaltauusingageneticallyinformativesampleofadultmaletwins
AT hongxian testingthecausalimpactofplasmaamyloidontotaltauusingageneticallyinformativesampleofadultmaletwins
AT chandraareynolds testingthecausalimpactofplasmaamyloidontotaltauusingageneticallyinformativesampleofadultmaletwins
AT michaeljlyons testingthecausalimpactofplasmaamyloidontotaltauusingageneticallyinformativesampleofadultmaletwins
AT robertarissman testingthecausalimpactofplasmaamyloidontotaltauusingageneticallyinformativesampleofadultmaletwins
AT jeremyaelman testingthecausalimpactofplasmaamyloidontotaltauusingageneticallyinformativesampleofadultmaletwins
AT carolfranz testingthecausalimpactofplasmaamyloidontotaltauusingageneticallyinformativesampleofadultmaletwins
AT williamskremen testingthecausalimpactofplasmaamyloidontotaltauusingageneticallyinformativesampleofadultmaletwins