Optical and Electrochemical Biosensors for Detection of Pathogens Using Metal Nanoclusters: A Systematic Review

The rapid and accurate detection of pathogenic bacteria and viruses is critical for infectious disease control and public health protection. While conventional methods (e.g., culture, microscopy, serology, and PCR) are widely used, they are often limited by lengthy processing times, high costs, and...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Mahsa Shahrashoob, Mahdiyar Dehshiri, Vahid Yousefi, Mahdi Moassesfar, Hamidreza Saberi, Fatemeh Molaabasi, Yasser Zare, Kyong Yop Rhee
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Biosensors
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/15/7/460
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