Interspecific Competition of Plant Communities Based on Fractional Order Time Delay Lotka–Volterra Model
A novel time delay Lotka–Volterra (TDLV) model was developed by extending the concept of time delay from integer order to fractional order. The TDLV model was constructed to simulate the dynamics of aboveground biomass per individual of three dominant herbaceous plant species (<i>Leymus chinen...
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MDPI AG
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Fractal and Fractional |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3110/9/2/109 |
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| author | Jun Zhang Yongzhi Liu Juhong Liu Caiqin Zhang Jingyi Chen |
| author_facet | Jun Zhang Yongzhi Liu Juhong Liu Caiqin Zhang Jingyi Chen |
| author_sort | Jun Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A novel time delay Lotka–Volterra (TDLV) model was developed by extending the concept of time delay from integer order to fractional order. The TDLV model was constructed to simulate the dynamics of aboveground biomass per individual of three dominant herbaceous plant species (<i>Leymus chinensis</i>, <i>Agropyron cristatum</i>, and <i>Stipa grandis</i>) in the typical grasslands of Inner Mongolia. Comparative analysis indicated that the TDLV model outperforms candidate models, such as Logistic, GM(1,1), GM(1,N), DGM(2,1), and Lotka–Volterra model, in terms of all fitting criteria. The results demonstrate that interspecies competition exhibits clear feedback and suppression effects, with <i>Leymus chinensis</i> playing a central role in regulating community dynamics. The system is locally stable and eventually converges to an equilibrium point, though <i>Stipa grandis</i> maintains relatively low biomass, requiring further monitoring. Time delays are prevalent in the system, influencing dynamic processes and causing damping oscillations as populations approach equilibrium. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-29deb713d1a345fe9fc765c29a87d524 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2504-3110 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Fractal and Fractional |
| spelling | doaj-art-29deb713d1a345fe9fc765c29a87d5242025-08-20T02:44:42ZengMDPI AGFractal and Fractional2504-31102025-02-019210910.3390/fractalfract9020109Interspecific Competition of Plant Communities Based on Fractional Order Time Delay Lotka–Volterra ModelJun Zhang0Yongzhi Liu1Juhong Liu2Caiqin Zhang3Jingyi Chen4College of Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, ChinaCollege of Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, ChinaCollege of Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, ChinaCollege of Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, ChinaCollege of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430062, ChinaA novel time delay Lotka–Volterra (TDLV) model was developed by extending the concept of time delay from integer order to fractional order. The TDLV model was constructed to simulate the dynamics of aboveground biomass per individual of three dominant herbaceous plant species (<i>Leymus chinensis</i>, <i>Agropyron cristatum</i>, and <i>Stipa grandis</i>) in the typical grasslands of Inner Mongolia. Comparative analysis indicated that the TDLV model outperforms candidate models, such as Logistic, GM(1,1), GM(1,N), DGM(2,1), and Lotka–Volterra model, in terms of all fitting criteria. The results demonstrate that interspecies competition exhibits clear feedback and suppression effects, with <i>Leymus chinensis</i> playing a central role in regulating community dynamics. The system is locally stable and eventually converges to an equilibrium point, though <i>Stipa grandis</i> maintains relatively low biomass, requiring further monitoring. Time delays are prevalent in the system, influencing dynamic processes and causing damping oscillations as populations approach equilibrium.https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3110/9/2/109fractional order time delayinterspecific competitionLotka–Volterra modelgrassland management |
| spellingShingle | Jun Zhang Yongzhi Liu Juhong Liu Caiqin Zhang Jingyi Chen Interspecific Competition of Plant Communities Based on Fractional Order Time Delay Lotka–Volterra Model Fractal and Fractional fractional order time delay interspecific competition Lotka–Volterra model grassland management |
| title | Interspecific Competition of Plant Communities Based on Fractional Order Time Delay Lotka–Volterra Model |
| title_full | Interspecific Competition of Plant Communities Based on Fractional Order Time Delay Lotka–Volterra Model |
| title_fullStr | Interspecific Competition of Plant Communities Based on Fractional Order Time Delay Lotka–Volterra Model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Interspecific Competition of Plant Communities Based on Fractional Order Time Delay Lotka–Volterra Model |
| title_short | Interspecific Competition of Plant Communities Based on Fractional Order Time Delay Lotka–Volterra Model |
| title_sort | interspecific competition of plant communities based on fractional order time delay lotka volterra model |
| topic | fractional order time delay interspecific competition Lotka–Volterra model grassland management |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3110/9/2/109 |
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