Evaluation of the In Vitro Permeation Parameters of Topical Diclofenac Sodium from Transdermal Pentravan<sup>®</sup> Products and Hydrogel Celugel Through Human Skin

Evaluation of the In Vitro Permeation Parameters of Topical Diclofenac Sodium from Transdermal Pentravan<sup>®</sup> Products and Hydrogel Celugel Through Human Skin

<b>Background:</b> Diclofenac is a phenylacetic acid derivative classified as a non-selective COX inhibitor. Similar to other NSAIDs, it is characterized by anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic effects. Long-term therapy with diclofenac might also lead to severe gastrointestinal...

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Main Authors: Urszula Adamiak-Giera, Michał Gackowski, Joanna Szostak, Tomasz Osmałek, Damian Malinowski, Anna Nowak, Anna Machoy-Mokrzyńska, Maciej Miernik, Mirosław Halczak, Maciej Romanowski, Anna Czerkawska, Monika Białecka
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Pharmaceuticals
Subjects:
penetration skin
vehicles
diclofenac sodium
human skin
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/18/6/810
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