Modulation of ER Stress and Inflammation by S-Ketamine, R-Ketamine, and Their Metabolites in Human Microglial Cells: Insights into Novel Targets for Depression Therapy
Despite affecting millions worldwide, major depressive disorder (MDD) remains a therapeutic challenge, with approximately one-third of patients failing to respond to standard treatments. The need for innovative, molecularly driven therapies has turned attention to ketamine and its enantiomers. While...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Cells |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/14/11/831 |
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