Intravenous mesenchymal stem cell transplantation mitigates pulmonary vascular remodeling but poses dose related risks in a pulmonary veno-occlusive disease model

Abstract Background Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD) is a rare subtype of disease that causes pulmonary hypertension with vascular involvement of postcapillary structures of pulmonary vasculature. The disease has a poor prognosis with no effective therapy. The study aimed to determine whether...

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Main Authors: Junko Katagiri, Jun Homma, Ryo Takagi, Hidekazu Sekine, Takeshi Shinkawa, Hiroshi Niinami, Tatsuya Shimizu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-05-01
Series:Stem Cell Research & Therapy
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-025-04400-8
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author Junko Katagiri
Jun Homma
Ryo Takagi
Hidekazu Sekine
Takeshi Shinkawa
Hiroshi Niinami
Tatsuya Shimizu
author_facet Junko Katagiri
Jun Homma
Ryo Takagi
Hidekazu Sekine
Takeshi Shinkawa
Hiroshi Niinami
Tatsuya Shimizu
author_sort Junko Katagiri
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD) is a rare subtype of disease that causes pulmonary hypertension with vascular involvement of postcapillary structures of pulmonary vasculature. The disease has a poor prognosis with no effective therapy. The study aimed to determine whether adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) alleviate pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular hypertrophy in a rat model of PVOD. Methods Allogeneic ASCs were intravenously administered to a rat model of PVOD induced by mitomycin C. Then, muscularization in pulmonary microvessels, right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), and right ventricular hypertrophy were assessed using immunohistochemistry, right heart catheterization, heart weight, and hematoxylin–eosin (HE) staining. Body weight over time and survival rates were assessed. Results ASC transplantation substantially contributed to the reduction of pulmonary microvascular muscularization in the PVOD rat model but not to the decrease in RVSP. Furthermore, it led to the attenuation of right ventricular hypertrophy and a considerable decrease in wall thickness. However, repeated ASC administration increased the mortality rate in the PVOD rat models. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to analyze the effects of ASC transplantation in a rat model of PVOD. While intravenous ASC transplantation exerts beneficial effects on the lungs and right ventricle, adverse events may occur depending on the administration method. Therefore, intravenous ASC transplantation should be performed with caution.
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spelling doaj-art-23762bd0b87c40c3abfa1267657569a72025-08-20T02:39:03ZengBMCStem Cell Research & Therapy1757-65122025-05-0116111310.1186/s13287-025-04400-8Intravenous mesenchymal stem cell transplantation mitigates pulmonary vascular remodeling but poses dose related risks in a pulmonary veno-occlusive disease modelJunko Katagiri0Jun Homma1Ryo Takagi2Hidekazu Sekine3Takeshi Shinkawa4Hiroshi Niinami5Tatsuya Shimizu6Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, TWInsInstitute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, TWInsInstitute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, TWInsInstitute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, TWInsDepartment of Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Tokyo Women’s Medical UniversityDepartment of Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Tokyo Women’s Medical UniversityInstitute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, TWInsAbstract Background Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD) is a rare subtype of disease that causes pulmonary hypertension with vascular involvement of postcapillary structures of pulmonary vasculature. The disease has a poor prognosis with no effective therapy. The study aimed to determine whether adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) alleviate pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular hypertrophy in a rat model of PVOD. Methods Allogeneic ASCs were intravenously administered to a rat model of PVOD induced by mitomycin C. Then, muscularization in pulmonary microvessels, right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), and right ventricular hypertrophy were assessed using immunohistochemistry, right heart catheterization, heart weight, and hematoxylin–eosin (HE) staining. Body weight over time and survival rates were assessed. Results ASC transplantation substantially contributed to the reduction of pulmonary microvascular muscularization in the PVOD rat model but not to the decrease in RVSP. Furthermore, it led to the attenuation of right ventricular hypertrophy and a considerable decrease in wall thickness. However, repeated ASC administration increased the mortality rate in the PVOD rat models. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to analyze the effects of ASC transplantation in a rat model of PVOD. While intravenous ASC transplantation exerts beneficial effects on the lungs and right ventricle, adverse events may occur depending on the administration method. Therefore, intravenous ASC transplantation should be performed with caution.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-025-04400-8Pulmonary veno-occlusive diseasePulmonary hypertensionMesenchymal stem cellsCell therapyVascular remodelingAdverse event
spellingShingle Junko Katagiri
Jun Homma
Ryo Takagi
Hidekazu Sekine
Takeshi Shinkawa
Hiroshi Niinami
Tatsuya Shimizu
Intravenous mesenchymal stem cell transplantation mitigates pulmonary vascular remodeling but poses dose related risks in a pulmonary veno-occlusive disease model
Stem Cell Research & Therapy
Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease
Pulmonary hypertension
Mesenchymal stem cells
Cell therapy
Vascular remodeling
Adverse event
title Intravenous mesenchymal stem cell transplantation mitigates pulmonary vascular remodeling but poses dose related risks in a pulmonary veno-occlusive disease model
title_full Intravenous mesenchymal stem cell transplantation mitigates pulmonary vascular remodeling but poses dose related risks in a pulmonary veno-occlusive disease model
title_fullStr Intravenous mesenchymal stem cell transplantation mitigates pulmonary vascular remodeling but poses dose related risks in a pulmonary veno-occlusive disease model
title_full_unstemmed Intravenous mesenchymal stem cell transplantation mitigates pulmonary vascular remodeling but poses dose related risks in a pulmonary veno-occlusive disease model
title_short Intravenous mesenchymal stem cell transplantation mitigates pulmonary vascular remodeling but poses dose related risks in a pulmonary veno-occlusive disease model
title_sort intravenous mesenchymal stem cell transplantation mitigates pulmonary vascular remodeling but poses dose related risks in a pulmonary veno occlusive disease model
topic Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease
Pulmonary hypertension
Mesenchymal stem cells
Cell therapy
Vascular remodeling
Adverse event
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-025-04400-8
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