Cell-free DNA next-generation sequencing for Mycobacterium tuberculosis obtained from plasma of children with active tuberculosis

Abstract Background Difficulties in microbiologically confirming childhood tuberculosis (TB) can result in delayed treatment and increased disease severity. Methods In this study, we for the first time used whole genome next-generation sequencing (NGS) to detect cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from Mycobacter...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Shuting Quan, Xue Tian, Yuting Sun, Hui Qi, Weiwei Jiao, Baixu Sun, Fang Xu, Min Fang, Xuemei Yang, Xi Zeng, Kun Duan, Jichao Wang, Xue Fu, Li Duan, Lin Sun, Adong Shen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-03-01
Series:BMC Pediatrics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-025-05526-7
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850028060214034432
author Shuting Quan
Xue Tian
Yuting Sun
Hui Qi
Weiwei Jiao
Baixu Sun
Fang Xu
Min Fang
Xuemei Yang
Xi Zeng
Kun Duan
Jichao Wang
Xue Fu
Li Duan
Lin Sun
Adong Shen
author_facet Shuting Quan
Xue Tian
Yuting Sun
Hui Qi
Weiwei Jiao
Baixu Sun
Fang Xu
Min Fang
Xuemei Yang
Xi Zeng
Kun Duan
Jichao Wang
Xue Fu
Li Duan
Lin Sun
Adong Shen
author_sort Shuting Quan
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Difficulties in microbiologically confirming childhood tuberculosis (TB) can result in delayed treatment and increased disease severity. Methods In this study, we for the first time used whole genome next-generation sequencing (NGS) to detect cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in plasma from children. Results We enrolled 94 children with active TB and 32 children with other respiratory infections. Combining NGS with probe capture enrichment (targeted cfNGS) showed higher coverage and detecting capability than did NGS alone. The targeted cfNGS showed slightly lower sensitivity (31.9% vs. 44.7%, P = 0.072) and specificity (96.9% vs. 100.0%, P = 0.236) to those of sputum tested using Xpert. Agreement between cfNGS-plasma and Xpert-sputum was weak (κ = 0.217). Concordant results were obtained for only 85 children (67.5%; 16 cases positive by both tests and 69 cases negative by both tests). A total of 40 children with MTB culture negative results were tested to have positive cfNGS-plasma or Xpert-sputum outcomes, yielding a significantly increased percentage of children with bacteriological evidence (20.2% [19/94] for MTB culture-positive only vs. 62.8% [59/94] for cfNGS-plasma, Xpert-sputum or culture positive). Conclusions These data suggest that cfNGS performed well for diagnosing TB using plasma from children. cfNGS may be a new method for diagnosing patients with paucibacillary TB.
format Article
id doaj-art-23607e65248c48ccad80a09a99b103d3
institution DOAJ
issn 1471-2431
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series BMC Pediatrics
spelling doaj-art-23607e65248c48ccad80a09a99b103d32025-08-20T02:59:57ZengBMCBMC Pediatrics1471-24312025-03-0125111110.1186/s12887-025-05526-7Cell-free DNA next-generation sequencing for Mycobacterium tuberculosis obtained from plasma of children with active tuberculosisShuting Quan0Xue Tian1Yuting Sun2Hui Qi3Weiwei Jiao4Baixu Sun5Fang Xu6Min Fang7Xuemei Yang8Xi Zeng9Kun Duan10Jichao Wang11Xue Fu12Li Duan13Lin Sun14Adong Shen15Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Core Technologies for the Prevention and Treatment of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Children, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Center for Children’s HealthLaboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Core Technologies for the Prevention and Treatment of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Children, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Center for Children’s HealthLaboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Core Technologies for the Prevention and Treatment of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Children, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Center for Children’s HealthLaboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Core Technologies for the Prevention and Treatment of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Children, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Center for Children’s HealthLaboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Core Technologies for the Prevention and Treatment of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Children, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Center for Children’s HealthLaboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Core Technologies for the Prevention and Treatment of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Children, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Center for Children’s HealthLaboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Core Technologies for the Prevention and Treatment of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Children, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Center for Children’s HealthThe No. 1 People’s Hospital of Liangshan Yizu Autonomous PrefectureLaboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Core Technologies for the Prevention and Treatment of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Children, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Center for Children’s HealthLaboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Core Technologies for the Prevention and Treatment of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Children, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Center for Children’s HealthHangzhou MatriDx Biotechnology Co., LtdHangzhou MatriDx Biotechnology Co., LtdHangzhou MatriDx Biotechnology Co., LtdThe No. 1 People’s Hospital of Liangshan Yizu Autonomous PrefectureLaboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Core Technologies for the Prevention and Treatment of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Children, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Center for Children’s HealthLaboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Core Technologies for the Prevention and Treatment of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Children, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Center for Children’s HealthAbstract Background Difficulties in microbiologically confirming childhood tuberculosis (TB) can result in delayed treatment and increased disease severity. Methods In this study, we for the first time used whole genome next-generation sequencing (NGS) to detect cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in plasma from children. Results We enrolled 94 children with active TB and 32 children with other respiratory infections. Combining NGS with probe capture enrichment (targeted cfNGS) showed higher coverage and detecting capability than did NGS alone. The targeted cfNGS showed slightly lower sensitivity (31.9% vs. 44.7%, P = 0.072) and specificity (96.9% vs. 100.0%, P = 0.236) to those of sputum tested using Xpert. Agreement between cfNGS-plasma and Xpert-sputum was weak (κ = 0.217). Concordant results were obtained for only 85 children (67.5%; 16 cases positive by both tests and 69 cases negative by both tests). A total of 40 children with MTB culture negative results were tested to have positive cfNGS-plasma or Xpert-sputum outcomes, yielding a significantly increased percentage of children with bacteriological evidence (20.2% [19/94] for MTB culture-positive only vs. 62.8% [59/94] for cfNGS-plasma, Xpert-sputum or culture positive). Conclusions These data suggest that cfNGS performed well for diagnosing TB using plasma from children. cfNGS may be a new method for diagnosing patients with paucibacillary TB.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-025-05526-7Next-generation sequencingCell-free DNATuberculosisChildDiagnosis
spellingShingle Shuting Quan
Xue Tian
Yuting Sun
Hui Qi
Weiwei Jiao
Baixu Sun
Fang Xu
Min Fang
Xuemei Yang
Xi Zeng
Kun Duan
Jichao Wang
Xue Fu
Li Duan
Lin Sun
Adong Shen
Cell-free DNA next-generation sequencing for Mycobacterium tuberculosis obtained from plasma of children with active tuberculosis
BMC Pediatrics
Next-generation sequencing
Cell-free DNA
Tuberculosis
Child
Diagnosis
title Cell-free DNA next-generation sequencing for Mycobacterium tuberculosis obtained from plasma of children with active tuberculosis
title_full Cell-free DNA next-generation sequencing for Mycobacterium tuberculosis obtained from plasma of children with active tuberculosis
title_fullStr Cell-free DNA next-generation sequencing for Mycobacterium tuberculosis obtained from plasma of children with active tuberculosis
title_full_unstemmed Cell-free DNA next-generation sequencing for Mycobacterium tuberculosis obtained from plasma of children with active tuberculosis
title_short Cell-free DNA next-generation sequencing for Mycobacterium tuberculosis obtained from plasma of children with active tuberculosis
title_sort cell free dna next generation sequencing for mycobacterium tuberculosis obtained from plasma of children with active tuberculosis
topic Next-generation sequencing
Cell-free DNA
Tuberculosis
Child
Diagnosis
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-025-05526-7
work_keys_str_mv AT shutingquan cellfreednanextgenerationsequencingformycobacteriumtuberculosisobtainedfromplasmaofchildrenwithactivetuberculosis
AT xuetian cellfreednanextgenerationsequencingformycobacteriumtuberculosisobtainedfromplasmaofchildrenwithactivetuberculosis
AT yutingsun cellfreednanextgenerationsequencingformycobacteriumtuberculosisobtainedfromplasmaofchildrenwithactivetuberculosis
AT huiqi cellfreednanextgenerationsequencingformycobacteriumtuberculosisobtainedfromplasmaofchildrenwithactivetuberculosis
AT weiweijiao cellfreednanextgenerationsequencingformycobacteriumtuberculosisobtainedfromplasmaofchildrenwithactivetuberculosis
AT baixusun cellfreednanextgenerationsequencingformycobacteriumtuberculosisobtainedfromplasmaofchildrenwithactivetuberculosis
AT fangxu cellfreednanextgenerationsequencingformycobacteriumtuberculosisobtainedfromplasmaofchildrenwithactivetuberculosis
AT minfang cellfreednanextgenerationsequencingformycobacteriumtuberculosisobtainedfromplasmaofchildrenwithactivetuberculosis
AT xuemeiyang cellfreednanextgenerationsequencingformycobacteriumtuberculosisobtainedfromplasmaofchildrenwithactivetuberculosis
AT xizeng cellfreednanextgenerationsequencingformycobacteriumtuberculosisobtainedfromplasmaofchildrenwithactivetuberculosis
AT kunduan cellfreednanextgenerationsequencingformycobacteriumtuberculosisobtainedfromplasmaofchildrenwithactivetuberculosis
AT jichaowang cellfreednanextgenerationsequencingformycobacteriumtuberculosisobtainedfromplasmaofchildrenwithactivetuberculosis
AT xuefu cellfreednanextgenerationsequencingformycobacteriumtuberculosisobtainedfromplasmaofchildrenwithactivetuberculosis
AT liduan cellfreednanextgenerationsequencingformycobacteriumtuberculosisobtainedfromplasmaofchildrenwithactivetuberculosis
AT linsun cellfreednanextgenerationsequencingformycobacteriumtuberculosisobtainedfromplasmaofchildrenwithactivetuberculosis
AT adongshen cellfreednanextgenerationsequencingformycobacteriumtuberculosisobtainedfromplasmaofchildrenwithactivetuberculosis