Comparative Analysis of Nutrients, Phytochemicals, and Minerals in Colored Sweet Potato (<i>Ipomoea batatas</i> L.) Roots

Sweet potato (<i>Ipomoea batatas</i> (L.) is regarded among the most crucial crops globally because it is abundant in essential nutrients vital for human health. However, limited comprehensive information is available regarding the nutritional composition of sweet potato, which hinders i...

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Main Authors: Shan Zhao, Lingli Zhong, Xi Li, Lin Qin, Ya Zhou, Xinyu Lei, Xingguo Zheng, Keting Jin, Zhigang Pu, Xue Hou, Jun Song, Tao Lang, Cong Zhang, Junyan Feng
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-11-01
Series:Foods
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/13/22/3636
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author Shan Zhao
Lingli Zhong
Xi Li
Lin Qin
Ya Zhou
Xinyu Lei
Xingguo Zheng
Keting Jin
Zhigang Pu
Xue Hou
Jun Song
Tao Lang
Cong Zhang
Junyan Feng
author_facet Shan Zhao
Lingli Zhong
Xi Li
Lin Qin
Ya Zhou
Xinyu Lei
Xingguo Zheng
Keting Jin
Zhigang Pu
Xue Hou
Jun Song
Tao Lang
Cong Zhang
Junyan Feng
author_sort Shan Zhao
collection DOAJ
description Sweet potato (<i>Ipomoea batatas</i> (L.) is regarded among the most crucial crops globally because it is abundant in essential nutrients vital for human health. However, limited comprehensive information is available regarding the nutritional composition of sweet potato, which hinders its optimal utilization. This study investigated the nutritional and chemical composition of sweet potato roots and explored their interrelationships. In total, 86 sweet potato accessions, comprising white, yellow, orange, and purple flesh-colored varieties, were used. A total of 34 components, including nutrients, phytochemicals, and minerals, were identified. Multivariate analysis was performed to assess the relationships among these components. The sweet potato roots were rich in carbohydrates, polyphenols, and minerals. Carbohydrates were primarily composed of total starch (22.6–69.7 g/100 g DW), total soluble sugar (TSS) (10.3–40.0 g/100 g DW), and total dietary fiber (TDF) (7.99–26.0 g/100 g DW). Polyphenols included total caffeoylquinic acids (CQAs) (0.478–14.2 g/kg DW), total anthocyanins (0–2003 mg/kg DW), and β-carotene (0–133 mg/kg DW). The mineral content followed the order: potassium > calcium > phosphorus > sodium > magnesium > iron > manganese > zinc > copper > selenium. White-fleshed sweet potato exhibited high total starch levels (50.4 g/100 g DW) but low TSS levels (21.1 g/100 g DW). Orange-fleshed sweet potato contained high levels of TSS (26.5 g/100 g DW), TDF (17.9 g/100 g DW), and β-carotene (61.4 mg/100 g DW) but low levels of protein (2.99 g/100 g DW) and total starch (43.0 g/100 g DW). Purple-fleshed sweet potato had high levels of phytochemicals, particularly total CQAs (8.17 g/kg DW) and anthocyanins (904 mg/kg DW). Cluster analysis categorized sweet potato accessions into six clusters with unique characteristics. Furthermore, principal component analysis identified accessions with exceptionally high nutritional content. The correlation analysis indicated that starch was negatively correlated with soluble sugar and TDF, whereas CQAs and anthocyanins were highly positively correlated. These findings offer a solid theoretical foundation for sweet potato breeding and utilization.
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spelling doaj-art-2149bb57a7184194971b2d258e7258b92025-08-20T02:04:52ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582024-11-011322363610.3390/foods13223636Comparative Analysis of Nutrients, Phytochemicals, and Minerals in Colored Sweet Potato (<i>Ipomoea batatas</i> L.) RootsShan Zhao0Lingli Zhong1Xi Li2Lin Qin3Ya Zhou4Xinyu Lei5Xingguo Zheng6Keting Jin7Zhigang Pu8Xue Hou9Jun Song10Tao Lang11Cong Zhang12Junyan Feng13Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology Research, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, ChinaInstitute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology Research, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, ChinaInstitute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology Research, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, ChinaInstitute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology Research, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, ChinaInstitute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology Research, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, ChinaInstitute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology Research, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, ChinaInstitute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology Research, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, ChinaInstitute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology Research, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, ChinaBiotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610061, ChinaInstitute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology Research, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, ChinaInstitute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology Research, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, ChinaBiotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610061, ChinaBiotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610061, ChinaBiotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610061, ChinaSweet potato (<i>Ipomoea batatas</i> (L.) is regarded among the most crucial crops globally because it is abundant in essential nutrients vital for human health. However, limited comprehensive information is available regarding the nutritional composition of sweet potato, which hinders its optimal utilization. This study investigated the nutritional and chemical composition of sweet potato roots and explored their interrelationships. In total, 86 sweet potato accessions, comprising white, yellow, orange, and purple flesh-colored varieties, were used. A total of 34 components, including nutrients, phytochemicals, and minerals, were identified. Multivariate analysis was performed to assess the relationships among these components. The sweet potato roots were rich in carbohydrates, polyphenols, and minerals. Carbohydrates were primarily composed of total starch (22.6–69.7 g/100 g DW), total soluble sugar (TSS) (10.3–40.0 g/100 g DW), and total dietary fiber (TDF) (7.99–26.0 g/100 g DW). Polyphenols included total caffeoylquinic acids (CQAs) (0.478–14.2 g/kg DW), total anthocyanins (0–2003 mg/kg DW), and β-carotene (0–133 mg/kg DW). The mineral content followed the order: potassium > calcium > phosphorus > sodium > magnesium > iron > manganese > zinc > copper > selenium. White-fleshed sweet potato exhibited high total starch levels (50.4 g/100 g DW) but low TSS levels (21.1 g/100 g DW). Orange-fleshed sweet potato contained high levels of TSS (26.5 g/100 g DW), TDF (17.9 g/100 g DW), and β-carotene (61.4 mg/100 g DW) but low levels of protein (2.99 g/100 g DW) and total starch (43.0 g/100 g DW). Purple-fleshed sweet potato had high levels of phytochemicals, particularly total CQAs (8.17 g/kg DW) and anthocyanins (904 mg/kg DW). Cluster analysis categorized sweet potato accessions into six clusters with unique characteristics. Furthermore, principal component analysis identified accessions with exceptionally high nutritional content. The correlation analysis indicated that starch was negatively correlated with soluble sugar and TDF, whereas CQAs and anthocyanins were highly positively correlated. These findings offer a solid theoretical foundation for sweet potato breeding and utilization.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/13/22/3636sweet potato rootsflesh colorsnutrientsphytochemicalsminerals
spellingShingle Shan Zhao
Lingli Zhong
Xi Li
Lin Qin
Ya Zhou
Xinyu Lei
Xingguo Zheng
Keting Jin
Zhigang Pu
Xue Hou
Jun Song
Tao Lang
Cong Zhang
Junyan Feng
Comparative Analysis of Nutrients, Phytochemicals, and Minerals in Colored Sweet Potato (<i>Ipomoea batatas</i> L.) Roots
Foods
sweet potato roots
flesh colors
nutrients
phytochemicals
minerals
title Comparative Analysis of Nutrients, Phytochemicals, and Minerals in Colored Sweet Potato (<i>Ipomoea batatas</i> L.) Roots
title_full Comparative Analysis of Nutrients, Phytochemicals, and Minerals in Colored Sweet Potato (<i>Ipomoea batatas</i> L.) Roots
title_fullStr Comparative Analysis of Nutrients, Phytochemicals, and Minerals in Colored Sweet Potato (<i>Ipomoea batatas</i> L.) Roots
title_full_unstemmed Comparative Analysis of Nutrients, Phytochemicals, and Minerals in Colored Sweet Potato (<i>Ipomoea batatas</i> L.) Roots
title_short Comparative Analysis of Nutrients, Phytochemicals, and Minerals in Colored Sweet Potato (<i>Ipomoea batatas</i> L.) Roots
title_sort comparative analysis of nutrients phytochemicals and minerals in colored sweet potato i ipomoea batatas i l roots
topic sweet potato roots
flesh colors
nutrients
phytochemicals
minerals
url https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/13/22/3636
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