Serine-Driven Metabolic Plasticity Drives Adaptive Resilience in Pancreatic Cancer Cells

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies, in part due to its profound metabolic adaptability, which underlies drug resistance and therapeutic failure. This study explores the metabolic rewiring associated with resistance to treatment using a systems metabolomics approach. Exposure to...

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Main Authors: Marcella Bonanomi, Sara Mallia, Mariafrancesca Scalise, Tecla Aramini, Federica Baldassari, Elisa Brivio, Federica Conte, Alessia Lo Dico, Matteo Bonas, Danilo Porro, Cesare Indiveri, Christian M. Metallo, Daniela Gaglio
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Antioxidants
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/7/833
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author Marcella Bonanomi
Sara Mallia
Mariafrancesca Scalise
Tecla Aramini
Federica Baldassari
Elisa Brivio
Federica Conte
Alessia Lo Dico
Matteo Bonas
Danilo Porro
Cesare Indiveri
Christian M. Metallo
Daniela Gaglio
author_facet Marcella Bonanomi
Sara Mallia
Mariafrancesca Scalise
Tecla Aramini
Federica Baldassari
Elisa Brivio
Federica Conte
Alessia Lo Dico
Matteo Bonas
Danilo Porro
Cesare Indiveri
Christian M. Metallo
Daniela Gaglio
author_sort Marcella Bonanomi
collection DOAJ
description Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies, in part due to its profound metabolic adaptability, which underlies drug resistance and therapeutic failure. This study explores the metabolic rewiring associated with resistance to treatment using a systems metabolomics approach. Exposure to the redox-disrupting agent erastin revealed key metabolic vulnerabilities but failed to produce lasting growth suppression. Combinatorial treatments with methotrexate or alpelisib significantly impaired proliferation and triggered marked metabolic shifts. Systems-level analyses identified serine metabolism as a central adaptive pathway in resilient cells. Metabolic tracing and gene expression profiling showed increased de novo serine biosynthesis and uptake, supporting redox homeostasis, biosynthetic activity, and epigenetic regulation. Notably, cells that resumed growth after drug withdrawal exhibited transcriptional reprogramming involving serine-driven pathways, along with elevated expression of genes linked to survival, proliferation, and migration. These findings establish serine metabolism as a functional biomarker of metabolic plasticity and adaptive resilience in pancreatic cancer, suggesting that targeting this adaptive axis may enhance therapeutic efficacy.
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institution Kabale University
issn 2076-3921
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Antioxidants
spelling doaj-art-21376cec32814c50baf0afca0902a6032025-08-20T03:36:10ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212025-07-0114783310.3390/antiox14070833Serine-Driven Metabolic Plasticity Drives Adaptive Resilience in Pancreatic Cancer CellsMarcella Bonanomi0Sara Mallia1Mariafrancesca Scalise2Tecla Aramini3Federica Baldassari4Elisa Brivio5Federica Conte6Alessia Lo Dico7Matteo Bonas8Danilo Porro9Cesare Indiveri10Christian M. Metallo11Daniela Gaglio12Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Complex Biological Systems (IBSBC), National Research Council (CNR), 20054 Segrate, MI, ItalyInstitute of Molecular Bioimaging and Complex Biological Systems (IBSBC), National Research Council (CNR), 20054 Segrate, MI, ItalyUnit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, Department DiBEST (Biologia Ecologia Scienze della Terra), University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, ItalyInstitute of Molecular Bioimaging and Complex Biological Systems (IBSBC), National Research Council (CNR), 20054 Segrate, MI, ItalyInstitute of Molecular Bioimaging and Complex Biological Systems (IBSBC), National Research Council (CNR), 20054 Segrate, MI, ItalyInstitute of Molecular Bioimaging and Complex Biological Systems (IBSBC), National Research Council (CNR), 20054 Segrate, MI, ItalyInstitute for Systems Analysis and Computer Science “Antonio Ruberti” (IASI), National Research Council (CNR), 00185 Rome, RM, ItalyInstitute of Molecular Bioimaging and Complex Biological Systems (IBSBC), National Research Council (CNR), 20054 Segrate, MI, ItalyDepartment of Biotechnology and Bioscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, MI, ItalyNational Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, PA, ItalyUnit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, Department DiBEST (Biologia Ecologia Scienze della Terra), University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, ItalyMolecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USAInstitute of Molecular Bioimaging and Complex Biological Systems (IBSBC), National Research Council (CNR), 20054 Segrate, MI, ItalyPancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies, in part due to its profound metabolic adaptability, which underlies drug resistance and therapeutic failure. This study explores the metabolic rewiring associated with resistance to treatment using a systems metabolomics approach. Exposure to the redox-disrupting agent erastin revealed key metabolic vulnerabilities but failed to produce lasting growth suppression. Combinatorial treatments with methotrexate or alpelisib significantly impaired proliferation and triggered marked metabolic shifts. Systems-level analyses identified serine metabolism as a central adaptive pathway in resilient cells. Metabolic tracing and gene expression profiling showed increased de novo serine biosynthesis and uptake, supporting redox homeostasis, biosynthetic activity, and epigenetic regulation. Notably, cells that resumed growth after drug withdrawal exhibited transcriptional reprogramming involving serine-driven pathways, along with elevated expression of genes linked to survival, proliferation, and migration. These findings establish serine metabolism as a functional biomarker of metabolic plasticity and adaptive resilience in pancreatic cancer, suggesting that targeting this adaptive axis may enhance therapeutic efficacy.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/7/833pancreatic cancerdrug resistanceserine metabolismmetabolic rewiringtargeted therapy
spellingShingle Marcella Bonanomi
Sara Mallia
Mariafrancesca Scalise
Tecla Aramini
Federica Baldassari
Elisa Brivio
Federica Conte
Alessia Lo Dico
Matteo Bonas
Danilo Porro
Cesare Indiveri
Christian M. Metallo
Daniela Gaglio
Serine-Driven Metabolic Plasticity Drives Adaptive Resilience in Pancreatic Cancer Cells
Antioxidants
pancreatic cancer
drug resistance
serine metabolism
metabolic rewiring
targeted therapy
title Serine-Driven Metabolic Plasticity Drives Adaptive Resilience in Pancreatic Cancer Cells
title_full Serine-Driven Metabolic Plasticity Drives Adaptive Resilience in Pancreatic Cancer Cells
title_fullStr Serine-Driven Metabolic Plasticity Drives Adaptive Resilience in Pancreatic Cancer Cells
title_full_unstemmed Serine-Driven Metabolic Plasticity Drives Adaptive Resilience in Pancreatic Cancer Cells
title_short Serine-Driven Metabolic Plasticity Drives Adaptive Resilience in Pancreatic Cancer Cells
title_sort serine driven metabolic plasticity drives adaptive resilience in pancreatic cancer cells
topic pancreatic cancer
drug resistance
serine metabolism
metabolic rewiring
targeted therapy
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/7/833
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