On the Normalized Laplacian Spectrum of the Zero-Divisor Graph of the Commutative Ring <inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><msub><mstyle mathvariant="bold"><mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</mi></mstyle><mrow><msubsup><mi mathvariant="bold-italic">p</mi><mn mathvariant="bold">1</mn><msub><mi mathvariant="bold-italic">T</mi><mn mathvariant="bold">1</mn></msub></msubsup><msubsup><mi mathvariant="bold-italic">p</mi><mn mathvariant="bold">2</mn><msub><mi mathvariant="bold-italic">T</mi><mn mathvariant="bold">2</mn></msub></msubsup></mrow></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>

The zero-divisor graph of a commutative ring <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi mathvariant="fraktur">R</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> with a nonzero...

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Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	Ali Al Khabyah, Nazim, Nadeem Ur Rehman
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2025-01-01
Series:	Axioms
Subjects:	normalized Laplacian matrix zero-divisor graph normalized Laplacian spectrum finite commutative ring
Online Access:	https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1680/14/1/37
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