Protective Role of Platelets in Myocardial Infarction and Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
Thrombotic occlusion of the coronary artery is a key component in the pathogenesis of myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction (MI). The standard therapy for ischemia is revascularization and restoration of blood flow to previously ischemic myocardium. Paradoxically, reperfusion may result in f...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Cardiology Research and Practice |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5545416 |
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| author | Kornela Hałucha Alina Rak-Pasikowska Iwona Bil-Lula |
| author_facet | Kornela Hałucha Alina Rak-Pasikowska Iwona Bil-Lula |
| author_sort | Kornela Hałucha |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Thrombotic occlusion of the coronary artery is a key component in the pathogenesis of myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction (MI). The standard therapy for ischemia is revascularization and restoration of blood flow to previously ischemic myocardium. Paradoxically, reperfusion may result in further tissue damage called ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI). Platelets play a major role in the pathogenesis of MI and IRI, since they contribute to the thrombus and microthrombi formation, inflammation, release of immunomodulatory mediators, and vasoconstrictive molecules. Antiplatelet therapies have proven efficacy in the prevention of thrombosis and play a protective role in cardiac IRI. Beyond the deterioration effect of platelets in MI and IRI, in the 90s the first reports on a protective effect of molecules released from platelets during MI appeared. However, the role of platelets in cardioprotection is still poorly understood. This review describes the involvement of platelets in MI, IRI, and inflammation. It mainly focuses on the protective role of platelets in MI and IRI. Platelets are involved in cardioprotection based on platelet-releasing molecules and antiplatelet therapy, apart from antiaggregatory effects. Additionally, the use of platelet-derived microparticles as possible markers of MI, with and without comorbidities, and their role in cardioprotection are discussed. This review is aimed at illustrating the present knowledge on the role of platelets in MI and IRI, especially in a context of cardioprotection. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1e531c81ccff41c8876c43b9cc8e8671 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-8016 2090-0597 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cardiology Research and Practice |
| spelling | doaj-art-1e531c81ccff41c8876c43b9cc8e86712025-02-03T06:43:34ZengWileyCardiology Research and Practice2090-80162090-05972021-01-01202110.1155/2021/55454165545416Protective Role of Platelets in Myocardial Infarction and Ischemia/Reperfusion InjuryKornela Hałucha0Alina Rak-Pasikowska1Iwona Bil-Lula2Division of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Hematology, Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211 A, 50-556, Wroclaw, PolandDivision of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Hematology, Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211 A, 50-556, Wroclaw, PolandDivision of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Hematology, Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211 A, 50-556, Wroclaw, PolandThrombotic occlusion of the coronary artery is a key component in the pathogenesis of myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction (MI). The standard therapy for ischemia is revascularization and restoration of blood flow to previously ischemic myocardium. Paradoxically, reperfusion may result in further tissue damage called ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI). Platelets play a major role in the pathogenesis of MI and IRI, since they contribute to the thrombus and microthrombi formation, inflammation, release of immunomodulatory mediators, and vasoconstrictive molecules. Antiplatelet therapies have proven efficacy in the prevention of thrombosis and play a protective role in cardiac IRI. Beyond the deterioration effect of platelets in MI and IRI, in the 90s the first reports on a protective effect of molecules released from platelets during MI appeared. However, the role of platelets in cardioprotection is still poorly understood. This review describes the involvement of platelets in MI, IRI, and inflammation. It mainly focuses on the protective role of platelets in MI and IRI. Platelets are involved in cardioprotection based on platelet-releasing molecules and antiplatelet therapy, apart from antiaggregatory effects. Additionally, the use of platelet-derived microparticles as possible markers of MI, with and without comorbidities, and their role in cardioprotection are discussed. This review is aimed at illustrating the present knowledge on the role of platelets in MI and IRI, especially in a context of cardioprotection.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5545416 |
| spellingShingle | Kornela Hałucha Alina Rak-Pasikowska Iwona Bil-Lula Protective Role of Platelets in Myocardial Infarction and Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Cardiology Research and Practice |
| title | Protective Role of Platelets in Myocardial Infarction and Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury |
| title_full | Protective Role of Platelets in Myocardial Infarction and Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury |
| title_fullStr | Protective Role of Platelets in Myocardial Infarction and Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury |
| title_full_unstemmed | Protective Role of Platelets in Myocardial Infarction and Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury |
| title_short | Protective Role of Platelets in Myocardial Infarction and Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury |
| title_sort | protective role of platelets in myocardial infarction and ischemia reperfusion injury |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5545416 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kornelahałucha protectiveroleofplateletsinmyocardialinfarctionandischemiareperfusioninjury AT alinarakpasikowska protectiveroleofplateletsinmyocardialinfarctionandischemiareperfusioninjury AT iwonabillula protectiveroleofplateletsinmyocardialinfarctionandischemiareperfusioninjury |