Polyaniline-coated iron oxide nanoparticles reprogram macrophages and modulate the tumor microenvironment to inhibit breast cancer progression and metastasis

Abstract Background Breast cancer is a prevalent and complex disease with treatment limitations, including resistance, adverse side effects, and high recurrence rates. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are key players in breast cancer progression, with M2 TAMs promoting tumor growth and M1 TAMs in...

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Main Authors: Camila Sales Nascimento, Júlia Gallo Carvalho, Naiara Clemente Tavares, Anna Carolina Pinheiro Lage, Marcelo Antônio Pascoal-Xavier, Celso Pinto de Melo, Érica Alessandra Rocha Alves, Carlos Eduardo Calzavara-Silva
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-05-01
Series:Cancer Nanotechnology
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12645-025-00323-4
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