Ifrandj

The present paper is a brief report of the Muslims' image of the West and Westerners from the beginning to the Ottoman period based on reports of Muslim traverlers and geographers. This paper is composed of two parts. The first part deals with reports and knowledge of Muslims in the East of Eur...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: B. Lewis, J.F.P Hopkins, Abbas Ahmadvand
Format: Article
Language:fas
Published: Baqir al-Olum University 2003-12-01
Series:تاریخ اسلام
Online Access:https://hiq.bou.ac.ir/article_6459_faa3aaeca87ce38ede1dd11137721aed.pdf
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