Occurrence of Fungi on Duck Egg Shells and Drug Resistance Analysis of <i>Aspergillus</i> spp. Isolates
Fungi are a typical part of the microbiome of poultry houses, but some of the genera can be pathogenic for poultry and humans. An investigation was conducted on 200 duck eggs from 10 flocks to determine total fungal contamination on the eggshells. The colony types were identified morphologically and...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Andrzej Gaweł Magdalena Siedlecka Magdalena Karwańska Milena Skrok Iwona Przychodniak Piotr Knap Aleksandra Chmielina Violetta Truszko Maciej Kuczkowski Karolina Bierowiec Anna Woźniak-Biel Barbara Szczepankiewicz Kamila Bobrek |
| author_facet | Andrzej Gaweł Magdalena Siedlecka Magdalena Karwańska Milena Skrok Iwona Przychodniak Piotr Knap Aleksandra Chmielina Violetta Truszko Maciej Kuczkowski Karolina Bierowiec Anna Woźniak-Biel Barbara Szczepankiewicz Kamila Bobrek |
| author_sort | Andrzej Gaweł |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fungi are a typical part of the microbiome of poultry houses, but some of the genera can be pathogenic for poultry and humans. An investigation was conducted on 200 duck eggs from 10 flocks to determine total fungal contamination on the eggshells. The colony types were identified morphologically and microscopically, and a representative group was identified using PCR. The resistance profiles for all obtained <i>Aspergillus</i> isolates were conducted. The dominating genera on eggshells were <i>Penicillium</i>, <i>Alternaria</i> and <i>Aspergillus</i> and the number of fungal colonies ranged from 0 to 7100. <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> was cultured from 9.5% eggshells, and all isolates were obtained from three flocks. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for <i>A. fumigatus</i> isolates ranged from 0.094–32 μg/mL for amphotericin B (MIC 50 1 mg/L and MIC 90 32 μg/mL), 0.125–32 μg/mL for caspofungin (MIC 50 0.38 μg/mL and MIC 90 32 μg/mL), 0.19–32 μg/mL for itraconazole (MIC 50 1.5 μg/mL and MIC 90 32 μg/mL), 0.047–12 μg/mL for posaconazole (MIC 50 0.5 μg/mL and MIC 90 8 μg/mL) and 0.023–32 μg/mL for voriconazole (MIC 50 0.19 μg/mL and MIC 90 32 μg/mL). A total of 73.7% of the isolates were resistant to posaconazole and 68.4% to itraconazole. Nearly half of the strains (47.4%) showed resistance to amphotericin B and 31.6% to voriconazole. Because of the lack of antifungals registered for poultry, hygiene and the regular disinfection of litter in particular are needed to prevent the contamination of the eggs by fungi for both animal and human health. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-19bcb81958854d5e99f3e009081616f5 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| spelling | doaj-art-19bcb81958854d5e99f3e009081616f52025-01-24T13:21:05ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172025-01-0115286010.3390/app15020860Occurrence of Fungi on Duck Egg Shells and Drug Resistance Analysis of <i>Aspergillus</i> spp. IsolatesAndrzej Gaweł0Magdalena Siedlecka1Magdalena Karwańska2Milena Skrok3Iwona Przychodniak4Piotr Knap5Aleksandra Chmielina6Violetta Truszko7Maciej Kuczkowski8Karolina Bierowiec9Anna Woźniak-Biel10Barbara Szczepankiewicz11Kamila Bobrek12Department of Epizootiology with Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-366 Wrocław, PolandDepartment of Epizootiology with Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-366 Wrocław, PolandDepartment of Epizootiology with Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-366 Wrocław, PolandDepartment of Epizootiology with Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-366 Wrocław, PolandDepartment of Epizootiology with Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-366 Wrocław, PolandDepartment of Epizootiology with Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-366 Wrocław, PolandDepartment of Epizootiology with Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-366 Wrocław, PolandDepartment of Epizootiology with Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-366 Wrocław, PolandDepartment of Epizootiology with Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-366 Wrocław, PolandDepartment of Epizootiology with Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-366 Wrocław, PolandDepartment of Epizootiology with Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-366 Wrocław, PolandDepartment of Epizootiology with Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-366 Wrocław, PolandDepartment of Epizootiology with Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-366 Wrocław, PolandFungi are a typical part of the microbiome of poultry houses, but some of the genera can be pathogenic for poultry and humans. An investigation was conducted on 200 duck eggs from 10 flocks to determine total fungal contamination on the eggshells. The colony types were identified morphologically and microscopically, and a representative group was identified using PCR. The resistance profiles for all obtained <i>Aspergillus</i> isolates were conducted. The dominating genera on eggshells were <i>Penicillium</i>, <i>Alternaria</i> and <i>Aspergillus</i> and the number of fungal colonies ranged from 0 to 7100. <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> was cultured from 9.5% eggshells, and all isolates were obtained from three flocks. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for <i>A. fumigatus</i> isolates ranged from 0.094–32 μg/mL for amphotericin B (MIC 50 1 mg/L and MIC 90 32 μg/mL), 0.125–32 μg/mL for caspofungin (MIC 50 0.38 μg/mL and MIC 90 32 μg/mL), 0.19–32 μg/mL for itraconazole (MIC 50 1.5 μg/mL and MIC 90 32 μg/mL), 0.047–12 μg/mL for posaconazole (MIC 50 0.5 μg/mL and MIC 90 8 μg/mL) and 0.023–32 μg/mL for voriconazole (MIC 50 0.19 μg/mL and MIC 90 32 μg/mL). A total of 73.7% of the isolates were resistant to posaconazole and 68.4% to itraconazole. Nearly half of the strains (47.4%) showed resistance to amphotericin B and 31.6% to voriconazole. Because of the lack of antifungals registered for poultry, hygiene and the regular disinfection of litter in particular are needed to prevent the contamination of the eggs by fungi for both animal and human health.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/2/860eggshellfungi<i>Aspergillus</i>resistanceduck |
| spellingShingle | Andrzej Gaweł Magdalena Siedlecka Magdalena Karwańska Milena Skrok Iwona Przychodniak Piotr Knap Aleksandra Chmielina Violetta Truszko Maciej Kuczkowski Karolina Bierowiec Anna Woźniak-Biel Barbara Szczepankiewicz Kamila Bobrek Occurrence of Fungi on Duck Egg Shells and Drug Resistance Analysis of <i>Aspergillus</i> spp. Isolates Applied Sciences eggshell fungi <i>Aspergillus</i> resistance duck |
| title | Occurrence of Fungi on Duck Egg Shells and Drug Resistance Analysis of <i>Aspergillus</i> spp. Isolates |
| title_full | Occurrence of Fungi on Duck Egg Shells and Drug Resistance Analysis of <i>Aspergillus</i> spp. Isolates |
| title_fullStr | Occurrence of Fungi on Duck Egg Shells and Drug Resistance Analysis of <i>Aspergillus</i> spp. Isolates |
| title_full_unstemmed | Occurrence of Fungi on Duck Egg Shells and Drug Resistance Analysis of <i>Aspergillus</i> spp. Isolates |
| title_short | Occurrence of Fungi on Duck Egg Shells and Drug Resistance Analysis of <i>Aspergillus</i> spp. Isolates |
| title_sort | occurrence of fungi on duck egg shells and drug resistance analysis of i aspergillus i spp isolates |
| topic | eggshell fungi <i>Aspergillus</i> resistance duck |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/2/860 |
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