Associations between dietary macronutrient quality and odds of hyperlipidemia: findings from the NEC-Biobank cohort

Abstract Background Associations between the overall quality of dietary macronutrients and the odds of hyperlipidemia remain unknown. This study aimed to first investigate the aforementioned associations, applying a novel multidimensional macronutrient quality index (MQI). Methods A large cross-sect...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Xiao-Ying Li, Dong-Hui Huang, Xin Xu, Xi-Meng Zhang, Jia-Le Lv, Yu-Xin Nan, Fan Cao, Qi-Jun Wu, Yu-Hong Zhao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:Nutrition Journal
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01174-w
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849767520650657792
author Xiao-Ying Li
Dong-Hui Huang
Xin Xu
Xi-Meng Zhang
Jia-Le Lv
Yu-Xin Nan
Fan Cao
Qi-Jun Wu
Yu-Hong Zhao
author_facet Xiao-Ying Li
Dong-Hui Huang
Xin Xu
Xi-Meng Zhang
Jia-Le Lv
Yu-Xin Nan
Fan Cao
Qi-Jun Wu
Yu-Hong Zhao
author_sort Xiao-Ying Li
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Associations between the overall quality of dietary macronutrients and the odds of hyperlipidemia remain unknown. This study aimed to first investigate the aforementioned associations, applying a novel multidimensional macronutrient quality index (MQI). Methods A large cross-sectional study (2018–2020) was carried out among 14,544 participants aged 18–79 years from the NEC-Biobank cohort (Northeast region, China). Dietary information was collected from a validated 110-item food frequency questionnaire. MQI was calculated based on fat quality index (FQI), protein quality index (PQI), and carbohydrate quality index (CQI). Binary logistic regression models were used to assess the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results Higher MQI was associated with significantly reduced odds of hyperlipidemia (ORtertile 3 vs. tertile 1 = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.75–0.90; P  trend < 0.001). For MQI’s sub-indices, higher FQI (ORtertile 3 vs. tertile 1 = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.77–0.91; P  trend < 0.001) as well as higher PQI (ORtertile 3 vs. tertile 1 = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.79–0.94; P  trend < 0.001) were associated with lower odds of hyperlipidemia. Conclusions Our findings suggested that intake of high-quality macronutrients was associated with reduced odds of hyperlipidemia. These findings contribute novel knowledge to the field of nutrition and metabolic diseases, and lay the foundation for future studies. Clinical trial number Not applicable.
format Article
id doaj-art-1900aca4298a4db6912846ad8e157765
institution DOAJ
issn 1475-2891
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series Nutrition Journal
spelling doaj-art-1900aca4298a4db6912846ad8e1577652025-08-20T03:04:10ZengBMCNutrition Journal1475-28912025-07-0124111210.1186/s12937-025-01174-wAssociations between dietary macronutrient quality and odds of hyperlipidemia: findings from the NEC-Biobank cohortXiao-Ying Li0Dong-Hui Huang1Xin Xu2Xi-Meng Zhang3Jia-Le Lv4Yu-Xin Nan5Fan Cao6Qi-Jun Wu7Yu-Hong Zhao8Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityDepartment of Dermatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityAbstract Background Associations between the overall quality of dietary macronutrients and the odds of hyperlipidemia remain unknown. This study aimed to first investigate the aforementioned associations, applying a novel multidimensional macronutrient quality index (MQI). Methods A large cross-sectional study (2018–2020) was carried out among 14,544 participants aged 18–79 years from the NEC-Biobank cohort (Northeast region, China). Dietary information was collected from a validated 110-item food frequency questionnaire. MQI was calculated based on fat quality index (FQI), protein quality index (PQI), and carbohydrate quality index (CQI). Binary logistic regression models were used to assess the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results Higher MQI was associated with significantly reduced odds of hyperlipidemia (ORtertile 3 vs. tertile 1 = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.75–0.90; P  trend < 0.001). For MQI’s sub-indices, higher FQI (ORtertile 3 vs. tertile 1 = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.77–0.91; P  trend < 0.001) as well as higher PQI (ORtertile 3 vs. tertile 1 = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.79–0.94; P  trend < 0.001) were associated with lower odds of hyperlipidemia. Conclusions Our findings suggested that intake of high-quality macronutrients was associated with reduced odds of hyperlipidemia. These findings contribute novel knowledge to the field of nutrition and metabolic diseases, and lay the foundation for future studies. Clinical trial number Not applicable.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01174-wCarbohydrate qualityFat qualityHyperlipidemiaMacronutrient qualityProtein quality
spellingShingle Xiao-Ying Li
Dong-Hui Huang
Xin Xu
Xi-Meng Zhang
Jia-Le Lv
Yu-Xin Nan
Fan Cao
Qi-Jun Wu
Yu-Hong Zhao
Associations between dietary macronutrient quality and odds of hyperlipidemia: findings from the NEC-Biobank cohort
Nutrition Journal
Carbohydrate quality
Fat quality
Hyperlipidemia
Macronutrient quality
Protein quality
title Associations between dietary macronutrient quality and odds of hyperlipidemia: findings from the NEC-Biobank cohort
title_full Associations between dietary macronutrient quality and odds of hyperlipidemia: findings from the NEC-Biobank cohort
title_fullStr Associations between dietary macronutrient quality and odds of hyperlipidemia: findings from the NEC-Biobank cohort
title_full_unstemmed Associations between dietary macronutrient quality and odds of hyperlipidemia: findings from the NEC-Biobank cohort
title_short Associations between dietary macronutrient quality and odds of hyperlipidemia: findings from the NEC-Biobank cohort
title_sort associations between dietary macronutrient quality and odds of hyperlipidemia findings from the nec biobank cohort
topic Carbohydrate quality
Fat quality
Hyperlipidemia
Macronutrient quality
Protein quality
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01174-w
work_keys_str_mv AT xiaoyingli associationsbetweendietarymacronutrientqualityandoddsofhyperlipidemiafindingsfromthenecbiobankcohort
AT donghuihuang associationsbetweendietarymacronutrientqualityandoddsofhyperlipidemiafindingsfromthenecbiobankcohort
AT xinxu associationsbetweendietarymacronutrientqualityandoddsofhyperlipidemiafindingsfromthenecbiobankcohort
AT ximengzhang associationsbetweendietarymacronutrientqualityandoddsofhyperlipidemiafindingsfromthenecbiobankcohort
AT jialelv associationsbetweendietarymacronutrientqualityandoddsofhyperlipidemiafindingsfromthenecbiobankcohort
AT yuxinnan associationsbetweendietarymacronutrientqualityandoddsofhyperlipidemiafindingsfromthenecbiobankcohort
AT fancao associationsbetweendietarymacronutrientqualityandoddsofhyperlipidemiafindingsfromthenecbiobankcohort
AT qijunwu associationsbetweendietarymacronutrientqualityandoddsofhyperlipidemiafindingsfromthenecbiobankcohort
AT yuhongzhao associationsbetweendietarymacronutrientqualityandoddsofhyperlipidemiafindingsfromthenecbiobankcohort