Effect of Freeze-Dried Camel Rennet Extract on Coagulation of Camel–Goat Milk Mixture and Characterization of the Cheese Obtained

This study aims at the use of freeze-dried camel rennet extract (FDCR) in the manufacture of fresh cheeses from a mixture of camel and goat milk in comparison with the microbial coagulating agent (FDMC). Physical properties, chemical composition, microstructure, and sensory analysis of the cheeses w...

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Main Authors: Biya Bouras, Ouarda Aissaoui-Zitoun, Férial Aziza Benyahia, Souhila Djema, Leila Bouras, Mohammed Nassereddine Zidoune, Imène Felfoul
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-01-01
Series:Foods
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/3/334
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author Biya Bouras
Ouarda Aissaoui-Zitoun
Férial Aziza Benyahia
Souhila Djema
Leila Bouras
Mohammed Nassereddine Zidoune
Imène Felfoul
author_facet Biya Bouras
Ouarda Aissaoui-Zitoun
Férial Aziza Benyahia
Souhila Djema
Leila Bouras
Mohammed Nassereddine Zidoune
Imène Felfoul
author_sort Biya Bouras
collection DOAJ
description This study aims at the use of freeze-dried camel rennet extract (FDCR) in the manufacture of fresh cheeses from a mixture of camel and goat milk in comparison with the microbial coagulating agent (FDMC). Physical properties, chemical composition, microstructure, and sensory analysis of the cheeses were performed. The recommended amount of FDCR for coagulation of camel–goat milk mixture was 0.2 g/L. The cheese obtained was mainly characterized by dry matter 34.99 ± 0.57% and protein content 36.26 ± 1.75%/DM. Texture profile analysis revealed that the obtained cheese was mainly characterized by cohesiveness 0.32 ± 0.01 and springiness 14.25 ± 0.63 mm. The microstructure showed that the obtained cheese had more and wider pores. FTIR was used to monitor the differences in the gross composition of the obtained cheese compared to that coagulated with FDMC. The main difference was the presence of amide I in the cheese coagulated with FDCR. For X-ray diffraction, the results noted that the use of FDCR as a natural extract in the coagulation of camel–goat milk mixture did not lead to the appearance of crystalline structure in the cheese. For sensory evaluation, the panelists preferred the cheese coagulated with FDCR with a score of 9/15.
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issn 2304-8158
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spelling doaj-art-13b0052542aa42a38086da334dce8da52025-08-20T02:48:02ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582025-01-0114333410.3390/foods14030334Effect of Freeze-Dried Camel Rennet Extract on Coagulation of Camel–Goat Milk Mixture and Characterization of the Cheese ObtainedBiya Bouras0Ouarda Aissaoui-Zitoun1Férial Aziza Benyahia2Souhila Djema3Leila Bouras4Mohammed Nassereddine Zidoune5Imène Felfoul6Research Laboratory of Biology, Environment and Health (LBEH), University of El Oued, El Oued 39000, AlgeriaLaboratory of Nutrition and Food Technology (LNTA), Institute of Nutrition, Feeding and Agrofood Technology (INATAA), University Mentouri Brothers Constantine 1, Constantine 25017, AlgeriaAgro-Food Engineering Laboratory (GENIAAL), Institute of Nutrition, Feeding and Agrofood Technology (INATAA), University Mentouri Brothers Constantine 1, Constantine 25017, AlgeriaResearch Center in Physicochemical Analysis (CRAPC), Bou Ismail 42004, AlgeriaResearch Laboratory of Exploitation and Valorization of Saharan Energy Resources (EVSER), University of El Oued, El Oued 39000, AlgeriaLaboratory of Nutrition and Food Technology (LNTA), Institute of Nutrition, Feeding and Agrofood Technology (INATAA), University Mentouri Brothers Constantine 1, Constantine 25017, AlgeriaValuation, Analysis and Food Safety Laboratory (LAVASA), National Engineering School of Sfax (ENIS), University of Sfax, Route Soukra, Sfax 3038, TunisiaThis study aims at the use of freeze-dried camel rennet extract (FDCR) in the manufacture of fresh cheeses from a mixture of camel and goat milk in comparison with the microbial coagulating agent (FDMC). Physical properties, chemical composition, microstructure, and sensory analysis of the cheeses were performed. The recommended amount of FDCR for coagulation of camel–goat milk mixture was 0.2 g/L. The cheese obtained was mainly characterized by dry matter 34.99 ± 0.57% and protein content 36.26 ± 1.75%/DM. Texture profile analysis revealed that the obtained cheese was mainly characterized by cohesiveness 0.32 ± 0.01 and springiness 14.25 ± 0.63 mm. The microstructure showed that the obtained cheese had more and wider pores. FTIR was used to monitor the differences in the gross composition of the obtained cheese compared to that coagulated with FDMC. The main difference was the presence of amide I in the cheese coagulated with FDCR. For X-ray diffraction, the results noted that the use of FDCR as a natural extract in the coagulation of camel–goat milk mixture did not lead to the appearance of crystalline structure in the cheese. For sensory evaluation, the panelists preferred the cheese coagulated with FDCR with a score of 9/15.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/3/334freeze-dried camel rennetcamel milkgoat milkcoagulationcheese
spellingShingle Biya Bouras
Ouarda Aissaoui-Zitoun
Férial Aziza Benyahia
Souhila Djema
Leila Bouras
Mohammed Nassereddine Zidoune
Imène Felfoul
Effect of Freeze-Dried Camel Rennet Extract on Coagulation of Camel–Goat Milk Mixture and Characterization of the Cheese Obtained
Foods
freeze-dried camel rennet
camel milk
goat milk
coagulation
cheese
title Effect of Freeze-Dried Camel Rennet Extract on Coagulation of Camel–Goat Milk Mixture and Characterization of the Cheese Obtained
title_full Effect of Freeze-Dried Camel Rennet Extract on Coagulation of Camel–Goat Milk Mixture and Characterization of the Cheese Obtained
title_fullStr Effect of Freeze-Dried Camel Rennet Extract on Coagulation of Camel–Goat Milk Mixture and Characterization of the Cheese Obtained
title_full_unstemmed Effect of Freeze-Dried Camel Rennet Extract on Coagulation of Camel–Goat Milk Mixture and Characterization of the Cheese Obtained
title_short Effect of Freeze-Dried Camel Rennet Extract on Coagulation of Camel–Goat Milk Mixture and Characterization of the Cheese Obtained
title_sort effect of freeze dried camel rennet extract on coagulation of camel goat milk mixture and characterization of the cheese obtained
topic freeze-dried camel rennet
camel milk
goat milk
coagulation
cheese
url https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/3/334
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