Evaluation of the parasympathetic tone activity (PTA) for posttraumatic pain assessment in awake dogs before orthopaedic surgery - A prospective non-randomised clinical study

Abstract Study design A prospective non-randomised clinical study. Animals A study group with 18 posttraumatic dogs before surgery and a control group with nine healthy dogs. Methods Two different examiners evaluated the pain using two multidimensional pain scales (the Canine Acute Pain Scale of the...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Eva Martha Billau, Max Bernhard Hubertus Weniger, Kathrin Büttner, Sabine Tacke, Eva Saskia Müller
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-02-01
Series:BMC Veterinary Research
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04561-x
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