Ultrasonography of the Tympanic Bulla in Llamas and Alpacas: Techniques and Physiological Findings

Ultrasonography of the Tympanic Bulla in Llamas and Alpacas: Techniques and Physiological Findings

This study aimed to perform ultrasonography of the tympanic bulla in healthy, non-sedated camelids for the first time. In the first step, dissection and sonography in cadaver specimens allowed the essential identification of the anatomical structures of the region of interest. Ultrasonography of the...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Rainer Giebl, Johann Maierl, Alexander Tichy, Cassandra Eibl, Agnes Dadak, Sonja Franz
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Animals
Subjects:
otitis media
ear
examination
diagnosis
South American camelids
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/12/1762
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