Hepatitis C Virus Evasion from RIG-I-Dependent Hepatic Innate Immunity
Exposure to hepatitis C virus (HCV) usually results in persistent infection that often develops into chronic liver disease. Interferon-alpha (IFN) treatment comprises the foundation of current approved therapy for chronic HCV infection but is limited in overall efficacy. IFN is a major effector of i...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2010-01-01
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| Series: | Gastroenterology Research and Practice |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/548390 |
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| author | Helene Minyi Liu Michael Gale |
| author_facet | Helene Minyi Liu Michael Gale |
| author_sort | Helene Minyi Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Exposure to hepatitis C virus (HCV) usually results in persistent infection that often develops into chronic liver disease. Interferon-alpha (IFN) treatment comprises the foundation of current approved therapy for chronic HCV infection but is limited in overall efficacy. IFN is a major effector of innate antiviral immunity and is naturally produced in response to viral infection when viral pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are recognized as nonself and are bound by cellular pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs), including Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and the RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs). Within hepatocytes, RIG-I is a major PRR of HCV infection wherein PAMP interactions serve to trigger intracellular signaling cascades in the infected hepatocyte to drive IFN production and the expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). ISGs function to limit virus replication, modulate the immune system, and to suppress virus spread. However, studies of HCV-host interactions have revealed several mechanisms of innate immune regulation and evasion that feature virus control of PRR signaling and regulation of hepatic innate immune programs that may provide a molecular basis for viral persistence. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-11247bf381fc4c769686435b558a53a9 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1687-6121 1687-630X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2010-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Gastroenterology Research and Practice |
| spelling | doaj-art-11247bf381fc4c769686435b558a53a92025-02-03T01:12:10ZengWileyGastroenterology Research and Practice1687-61211687-630X2010-01-01201010.1155/2010/548390548390Hepatitis C Virus Evasion from RIG-I-Dependent Hepatic Innate ImmunityHelene Minyi Liu0Michael Gale1Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-7650, USADepartment of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-7650, USAExposure to hepatitis C virus (HCV) usually results in persistent infection that often develops into chronic liver disease. Interferon-alpha (IFN) treatment comprises the foundation of current approved therapy for chronic HCV infection but is limited in overall efficacy. IFN is a major effector of innate antiviral immunity and is naturally produced in response to viral infection when viral pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are recognized as nonself and are bound by cellular pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs), including Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and the RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs). Within hepatocytes, RIG-I is a major PRR of HCV infection wherein PAMP interactions serve to trigger intracellular signaling cascades in the infected hepatocyte to drive IFN production and the expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). ISGs function to limit virus replication, modulate the immune system, and to suppress virus spread. However, studies of HCV-host interactions have revealed several mechanisms of innate immune regulation and evasion that feature virus control of PRR signaling and regulation of hepatic innate immune programs that may provide a molecular basis for viral persistence.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/548390 |
| spellingShingle | Helene Minyi Liu Michael Gale Hepatitis C Virus Evasion from RIG-I-Dependent Hepatic Innate Immunity Gastroenterology Research and Practice |
| title | Hepatitis C Virus Evasion from RIG-I-Dependent Hepatic Innate Immunity |
| title_full | Hepatitis C Virus Evasion from RIG-I-Dependent Hepatic Innate Immunity |
| title_fullStr | Hepatitis C Virus Evasion from RIG-I-Dependent Hepatic Innate Immunity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hepatitis C Virus Evasion from RIG-I-Dependent Hepatic Innate Immunity |
| title_short | Hepatitis C Virus Evasion from RIG-I-Dependent Hepatic Innate Immunity |
| title_sort | hepatitis c virus evasion from rig i dependent hepatic innate immunity |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/548390 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT heleneminyiliu hepatitiscvirusevasionfromrigidependenthepaticinnateimmunity AT michaelgale hepatitiscvirusevasionfromrigidependenthepaticinnateimmunity |