Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor and Retinoic X Receptor in Alcoholic Liver Disease
A growing number of new studies demonstrate that nuclear receptors are involved in the development of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Ethanol metabolism and RXR/PPAR functions are tightly interconnected in the liver. Several ethanol metabolizing enzymes are potently regulated by RXR and PPAR𝛼 after a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2009-01-01
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| Series: | PPAR Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/748174 |
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| author | Tommaso Mello Simone Polvani Andrea Galli |
| author_facet | Tommaso Mello Simone Polvani Andrea Galli |
| author_sort | Tommaso Mello |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A growing number of new studies demonstrate that nuclear receptors are involved in the development of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Ethanol metabolism and RXR/PPAR functions are tightly interconnected in the liver. Several ethanol metabolizing enzymes are potently regulated by RXR and PPAR𝛼 after alcohol consumption. The increased ethanol metabolism, in turn, leads to alteration of the redox balance of the cells and impairment of RXR/PPAR functions by direct and indirect effects of acetaldehyde, resulting in deranged lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and release of proinflammatory cytokines. The use of animal models played a crucial role in understanding the molecular mechanisms of ALD. In this paper we summarize the reciprocal interactions between ethanol metabolism and RXR/PPAR functions. In conclusion, RXR and PPAR play a central role in the onset and perpetuation of the mechanisms underling all steps of the clinical progression in ALD. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0bb1c49b05de4c43aeb30fca2ea8e28f |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1687-4757 1687-4765 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2009-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PPAR Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-0bb1c49b05de4c43aeb30fca2ea8e28f2025-02-03T06:07:01ZengWileyPPAR Research1687-47571687-47652009-01-01200910.1155/2009/748174748174Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor and Retinoic X Receptor in Alcoholic Liver DiseaseTommaso Mello0Simone Polvani1Andrea Galli2Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Clinical Pathophysiology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50134 Firenze, ItalyFiorGen Farmacogenomic Foundation, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, 50019 Firenze, ItalyGastroenterology Unit, Department of Clinical Pathophysiology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50134 Firenze, ItalyA growing number of new studies demonstrate that nuclear receptors are involved in the development of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Ethanol metabolism and RXR/PPAR functions are tightly interconnected in the liver. Several ethanol metabolizing enzymes are potently regulated by RXR and PPAR𝛼 after alcohol consumption. The increased ethanol metabolism, in turn, leads to alteration of the redox balance of the cells and impairment of RXR/PPAR functions by direct and indirect effects of acetaldehyde, resulting in deranged lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and release of proinflammatory cytokines. The use of animal models played a crucial role in understanding the molecular mechanisms of ALD. In this paper we summarize the reciprocal interactions between ethanol metabolism and RXR/PPAR functions. In conclusion, RXR and PPAR play a central role in the onset and perpetuation of the mechanisms underling all steps of the clinical progression in ALD.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/748174 |
| spellingShingle | Tommaso Mello Simone Polvani Andrea Galli Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor and Retinoic X Receptor in Alcoholic Liver Disease PPAR Research |
| title | Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor and Retinoic X Receptor in Alcoholic Liver Disease |
| title_full | Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor and Retinoic X Receptor in Alcoholic Liver Disease |
| title_fullStr | Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor and Retinoic X Receptor in Alcoholic Liver Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor and Retinoic X Receptor in Alcoholic Liver Disease |
| title_short | Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor and Retinoic X Receptor in Alcoholic Liver Disease |
| title_sort | peroxisome proliferator activated receptor and retinoic x receptor in alcoholic liver disease |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/748174 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT tommasomello peroxisomeproliferatoractivatedreceptorandretinoicxreceptorinalcoholicliverdisease AT simonepolvani peroxisomeproliferatoractivatedreceptorandretinoicxreceptorinalcoholicliverdisease AT andreagalli peroxisomeproliferatoractivatedreceptorandretinoicxreceptorinalcoholicliverdisease |