A multimodal approach for ADHD with coexisting ASD detection for children

Abstract Identifying attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with coexisting autism spectrum disorder (ASD) for children is a challenging issue due to their complexity and overlapping symptoms. This study investigated from handwriting and executive function viewpoints simultaneously and deve...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jungpil Shin, Sota Konnai, Md. Maniruzzaman, Yoichi Tomioka, Yong Seok Hwang, Akiko Megumi, Akira Yasumura
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05000-5
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849335123718176768
author Jungpil Shin
Sota Konnai
Md. Maniruzzaman
Yoichi Tomioka
Yong Seok Hwang
Akiko Megumi
Akira Yasumura
author_facet Jungpil Shin
Sota Konnai
Md. Maniruzzaman
Yoichi Tomioka
Yong Seok Hwang
Akiko Megumi
Akira Yasumura
author_sort Jungpil Shin
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Identifying attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with coexisting autism spectrum disorder (ASD) for children is a challenging issue due to their complexity and overlapping symptoms. This study investigated from handwriting and executive function viewpoints simultaneously and developed a novel multimodal approach for identifying ADHD with coexisting ASD by fusing pen tablet and fNIRs data. This study used pen tablet and fNIRs device to compare writing dynamics and brain activity between ADHD with coexisting ASD and typically developing (TD) children during handwriting patterns. Two handwriting tasks including Zigzag line (ZL) and periodic lines (PL) were adopted for data collection. Each task had two conditions: trace and predict. Various statistical features were derived from pen tablet and fNIRs data for each task. These features were then combined by fusing features derived from the trace and predict conditions to make two datasets (PL and ZL). The potentiality of these features was evaluated using Sequential Forward Floating Selection (SFFS)-based algorithm and support vector machine (SVM) was employed to evaluate the performance of ZL and PL tasks. Data were collected from 13 ADHD children with co-occurring ASD and 15 TD children to evaluate the proposed ZL and PL tasks. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed SFFS-SVM model achieved a classification accuracy of 96.4% for PL task. This is an improvement of more than 2% classification accuracy compared to existing studies. This approach shows promising potential and assisting physicians and clinicians to provide an objective and accurate diagnosis of ADHD with coexisting ASD. This study proposes a novel approach that increase the detection rate and provides new insights for further research.
format Article
id doaj-art-0a7be5415e604da28906bd5256dd4dfd
institution Kabale University
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-0a7be5415e604da28906bd5256dd4dfd2025-08-20T03:45:23ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111010.1038/s41598-025-05000-5A multimodal approach for ADHD with coexisting ASD detection for childrenJungpil Shin0Sota Konnai1Md. Maniruzzaman2Yoichi Tomioka3Yong Seok Hwang4Akiko Megumi5Akira Yasumura6School of Computer Science and Engineering, The University of AizuSchool of Computer Science and Engineering, The University of AizuStatistics Discipline, Khulna UniversitySchool of Computer Science and Engineering, The University of AizuDepartment of Electronics Engineering, Kwangwoon UniversityDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University School of MedicineGraduate School of Social and Cultural Sciences, Kumamoto UniversityAbstract Identifying attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with coexisting autism spectrum disorder (ASD) for children is a challenging issue due to their complexity and overlapping symptoms. This study investigated from handwriting and executive function viewpoints simultaneously and developed a novel multimodal approach for identifying ADHD with coexisting ASD by fusing pen tablet and fNIRs data. This study used pen tablet and fNIRs device to compare writing dynamics and brain activity between ADHD with coexisting ASD and typically developing (TD) children during handwriting patterns. Two handwriting tasks including Zigzag line (ZL) and periodic lines (PL) were adopted for data collection. Each task had two conditions: trace and predict. Various statistical features were derived from pen tablet and fNIRs data for each task. These features were then combined by fusing features derived from the trace and predict conditions to make two datasets (PL and ZL). The potentiality of these features was evaluated using Sequential Forward Floating Selection (SFFS)-based algorithm and support vector machine (SVM) was employed to evaluate the performance of ZL and PL tasks. Data were collected from 13 ADHD children with co-occurring ASD and 15 TD children to evaluate the proposed ZL and PL tasks. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed SFFS-SVM model achieved a classification accuracy of 96.4% for PL task. This is an improvement of more than 2% classification accuracy compared to existing studies. This approach shows promising potential and assisting physicians and clinicians to provide an objective and accurate diagnosis of ADHD with coexisting ASD. This study proposes a novel approach that increase the detection rate and provides new insights for further research.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05000-5ADHDASDMultimodal fusionPen tabletfNIRs
spellingShingle Jungpil Shin
Sota Konnai
Md. Maniruzzaman
Yoichi Tomioka
Yong Seok Hwang
Akiko Megumi
Akira Yasumura
A multimodal approach for ADHD with coexisting ASD detection for children
Scientific Reports
ADHD
ASD
Multimodal fusion
Pen tablet
fNIRs
title A multimodal approach for ADHD with coexisting ASD detection for children
title_full A multimodal approach for ADHD with coexisting ASD detection for children
title_fullStr A multimodal approach for ADHD with coexisting ASD detection for children
title_full_unstemmed A multimodal approach for ADHD with coexisting ASD detection for children
title_short A multimodal approach for ADHD with coexisting ASD detection for children
title_sort multimodal approach for adhd with coexisting asd detection for children
topic ADHD
ASD
Multimodal fusion
Pen tablet
fNIRs
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05000-5
work_keys_str_mv AT jungpilshin amultimodalapproachforadhdwithcoexistingasddetectionforchildren
AT sotakonnai amultimodalapproachforadhdwithcoexistingasddetectionforchildren
AT mdmaniruzzaman amultimodalapproachforadhdwithcoexistingasddetectionforchildren
AT yoichitomioka amultimodalapproachforadhdwithcoexistingasddetectionforchildren
AT yongseokhwang amultimodalapproachforadhdwithcoexistingasddetectionforchildren
AT akikomegumi amultimodalapproachforadhdwithcoexistingasddetectionforchildren
AT akirayasumura amultimodalapproachforadhdwithcoexistingasddetectionforchildren
AT jungpilshin multimodalapproachforadhdwithcoexistingasddetectionforchildren
AT sotakonnai multimodalapproachforadhdwithcoexistingasddetectionforchildren
AT mdmaniruzzaman multimodalapproachforadhdwithcoexistingasddetectionforchildren
AT yoichitomioka multimodalapproachforadhdwithcoexistingasddetectionforchildren
AT yongseokhwang multimodalapproachforadhdwithcoexistingasddetectionforchildren
AT akikomegumi multimodalapproachforadhdwithcoexistingasddetectionforchildren
AT akirayasumura multimodalapproachforadhdwithcoexistingasddetectionforchildren