Tartary Buckwheat Flavonoids and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> Mitigate Fatty Liver Syndrome in Laying Hens: Association with Cecal Microbiota Remodeling and Lipid Metabolic Homeostasis
The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of tartary buckwheat flavonoids (TBF) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> (25-OHD) on fatty liver syndrome (FLS) in laying hens. A total of 450 35-wk-old Lohmann laying hens were selected and randomly divided into five group...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-07-01
|
| Series: | Animals |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/15/2210 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849405964882542592 |
|---|---|
| author | Dongdong Li Binlong Chen Yi Zhang Zengwen Huang Zhiqiu Huang Xi Chen Caiyun Sun Yunxia Qi Yaodong Hu Ting Chen Silu Wang |
| author_facet | Dongdong Li Binlong Chen Yi Zhang Zengwen Huang Zhiqiu Huang Xi Chen Caiyun Sun Yunxia Qi Yaodong Hu Ting Chen Silu Wang |
| author_sort | Dongdong Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of tartary buckwheat flavonoids (TBF) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> (25-OHD) on fatty liver syndrome (FLS) in laying hens. A total of 450 35-wk-old Lohmann laying hens were selected and randomly divided into five groups, with six replicates per treatment and 15 laying hens in each replicate. The control group was fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet. The FLS group was fed a high- energy–low-protein (HELP) diet, and the other three experimental groups were fed HELP diets supplemented with 60 mg/kg TBF, 69 μg/kg 25-OHD, and 60 mg/kg TBF plus 69 μg/kg 25-OHD, respectively. The experiment lasted 8 weeks. The results demonstrated that feeding laying hens with a HELP diet led to a significant accumulation of fat in their livers, liver enlargement and yellowing, as well as a decline in liver antioxidant capacity and an aggravation of inflammation. TBF alone, 25-OHD alone, and their combination had no effect on the laying performance of laying hens fed with a HELP diet. However, 25-OHD significantly enhanced the albumin content, eggshell strength, and eggshell thickness of eggs (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Compared with the HELP group, TBF, 25-OHD, or their combination reduced serum LDL-C and TG (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The combined treatment further lowered serum NEFA and MDA, enhanced liver SOD activity (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and unlike TBF alone (which reduced hepatic TG) or 25-OHD alone (which decreased liver index), reduced both liver index and hepatic TG (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Liver gene expression analysis showed that combined TBF and 25-OHD significantly inhibited the expression of fat synthesis-related genes (ACC, FAS, GPAT1, ChREBP1, LXRα, SREBP-1C, SREBP-2, FABP) as well as inflammation-related genes (IL-6, TNF-α, NF-κB, TLR4) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). At the phylum level of the cecal microbiota, TBF increased the abundance of <i>Bacteroidota</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and combined TBF and 25-OHD tended to increase the abundance of <i>Firmicutes_D</i>. At the genus level, TBF increased the abundance of <i>Phocaeicola_A</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Furthermore, TBF, 25-OHD, or their combination reduced the abundance of <i>Faecalibacterium</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.05). These findings suggest that combined TBF and 25-OHD mitigates FLS in laying hens potentially through remodeling gut microbiota and maintaining lipid metabolic homeostasis. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0a433ef2f79b4e3a8db388ed12962ae2 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj-art-0a433ef2f79b4e3a8db388ed12962ae22025-08-20T03:36:32ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152025-07-011515221010.3390/ani15152210Tartary Buckwheat Flavonoids and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> Mitigate Fatty Liver Syndrome in Laying Hens: Association with Cecal Microbiota Remodeling and Lipid Metabolic HomeostasisDongdong Li0Binlong Chen1Yi Zhang2Zengwen Huang3Zhiqiu Huang4Xi Chen5Caiyun Sun6Yunxia Qi7Yaodong Hu8Ting Chen9Silu Wang10College of Animal Science, Xichang University, Xichang 615013, ChinaCollege of Animal Science, Xichang University, Xichang 615013, ChinaCollege of Animal Science, Xichang University, Xichang 615013, ChinaCollege of Animal Science, Xichang University, Xichang 615013, ChinaCollege of Animal Science, Xichang University, Xichang 615013, ChinaCollege of Animal Science, Xichang University, Xichang 615013, ChinaCollege of Animal Science, Xichang University, Xichang 615013, ChinaCollege of Animal Science, Xichang University, Xichang 615013, ChinaCollege of Animal Science, Xichang University, Xichang 615013, ChinaCollege of Animal Science, Xichang University, Xichang 615013, ChinaCollege of Animal Science, Xichang University, Xichang 615013, ChinaThe objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of tartary buckwheat flavonoids (TBF) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> (25-OHD) on fatty liver syndrome (FLS) in laying hens. A total of 450 35-wk-old Lohmann laying hens were selected and randomly divided into five groups, with six replicates per treatment and 15 laying hens in each replicate. The control group was fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet. The FLS group was fed a high- energy–low-protein (HELP) diet, and the other three experimental groups were fed HELP diets supplemented with 60 mg/kg TBF, 69 μg/kg 25-OHD, and 60 mg/kg TBF plus 69 μg/kg 25-OHD, respectively. The experiment lasted 8 weeks. The results demonstrated that feeding laying hens with a HELP diet led to a significant accumulation of fat in their livers, liver enlargement and yellowing, as well as a decline in liver antioxidant capacity and an aggravation of inflammation. TBF alone, 25-OHD alone, and their combination had no effect on the laying performance of laying hens fed with a HELP diet. However, 25-OHD significantly enhanced the albumin content, eggshell strength, and eggshell thickness of eggs (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Compared with the HELP group, TBF, 25-OHD, or their combination reduced serum LDL-C and TG (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The combined treatment further lowered serum NEFA and MDA, enhanced liver SOD activity (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and unlike TBF alone (which reduced hepatic TG) or 25-OHD alone (which decreased liver index), reduced both liver index and hepatic TG (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Liver gene expression analysis showed that combined TBF and 25-OHD significantly inhibited the expression of fat synthesis-related genes (ACC, FAS, GPAT1, ChREBP1, LXRα, SREBP-1C, SREBP-2, FABP) as well as inflammation-related genes (IL-6, TNF-α, NF-κB, TLR4) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). At the phylum level of the cecal microbiota, TBF increased the abundance of <i>Bacteroidota</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and combined TBF and 25-OHD tended to increase the abundance of <i>Firmicutes_D</i>. At the genus level, TBF increased the abundance of <i>Phocaeicola_A</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Furthermore, TBF, 25-OHD, or their combination reduced the abundance of <i>Faecalibacterium</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.05). These findings suggest that combined TBF and 25-OHD mitigates FLS in laying hens potentially through remodeling gut microbiota and maintaining lipid metabolic homeostasis.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/15/2210tartary buckwheat flavonoids25-Hydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub>fatty liver syndromelaying henlipid metabolism |
| spellingShingle | Dongdong Li Binlong Chen Yi Zhang Zengwen Huang Zhiqiu Huang Xi Chen Caiyun Sun Yunxia Qi Yaodong Hu Ting Chen Silu Wang Tartary Buckwheat Flavonoids and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> Mitigate Fatty Liver Syndrome in Laying Hens: Association with Cecal Microbiota Remodeling and Lipid Metabolic Homeostasis Animals tartary buckwheat flavonoids 25-Hydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> fatty liver syndrome laying hen lipid metabolism |
| title | Tartary Buckwheat Flavonoids and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> Mitigate Fatty Liver Syndrome in Laying Hens: Association with Cecal Microbiota Remodeling and Lipid Metabolic Homeostasis |
| title_full | Tartary Buckwheat Flavonoids and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> Mitigate Fatty Liver Syndrome in Laying Hens: Association with Cecal Microbiota Remodeling and Lipid Metabolic Homeostasis |
| title_fullStr | Tartary Buckwheat Flavonoids and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> Mitigate Fatty Liver Syndrome in Laying Hens: Association with Cecal Microbiota Remodeling and Lipid Metabolic Homeostasis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tartary Buckwheat Flavonoids and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> Mitigate Fatty Liver Syndrome in Laying Hens: Association with Cecal Microbiota Remodeling and Lipid Metabolic Homeostasis |
| title_short | Tartary Buckwheat Flavonoids and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> Mitigate Fatty Liver Syndrome in Laying Hens: Association with Cecal Microbiota Remodeling and Lipid Metabolic Homeostasis |
| title_sort | tartary buckwheat flavonoids and 25 hydroxyvitamin d sub 3 sub mitigate fatty liver syndrome in laying hens association with cecal microbiota remodeling and lipid metabolic homeostasis |
| topic | tartary buckwheat flavonoids 25-Hydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> fatty liver syndrome laying hen lipid metabolism |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/15/2210 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT dongdongli tartarybuckwheatflavonoidsand25hydroxyvitamindsub3submitigatefattyliversyndromeinlayinghensassociationwithcecalmicrobiotaremodelingandlipidmetabolichomeostasis AT binlongchen tartarybuckwheatflavonoidsand25hydroxyvitamindsub3submitigatefattyliversyndromeinlayinghensassociationwithcecalmicrobiotaremodelingandlipidmetabolichomeostasis AT yizhang tartarybuckwheatflavonoidsand25hydroxyvitamindsub3submitigatefattyliversyndromeinlayinghensassociationwithcecalmicrobiotaremodelingandlipidmetabolichomeostasis AT zengwenhuang tartarybuckwheatflavonoidsand25hydroxyvitamindsub3submitigatefattyliversyndromeinlayinghensassociationwithcecalmicrobiotaremodelingandlipidmetabolichomeostasis AT zhiqiuhuang tartarybuckwheatflavonoidsand25hydroxyvitamindsub3submitigatefattyliversyndromeinlayinghensassociationwithcecalmicrobiotaremodelingandlipidmetabolichomeostasis AT xichen tartarybuckwheatflavonoidsand25hydroxyvitamindsub3submitigatefattyliversyndromeinlayinghensassociationwithcecalmicrobiotaremodelingandlipidmetabolichomeostasis AT caiyunsun tartarybuckwheatflavonoidsand25hydroxyvitamindsub3submitigatefattyliversyndromeinlayinghensassociationwithcecalmicrobiotaremodelingandlipidmetabolichomeostasis AT yunxiaqi tartarybuckwheatflavonoidsand25hydroxyvitamindsub3submitigatefattyliversyndromeinlayinghensassociationwithcecalmicrobiotaremodelingandlipidmetabolichomeostasis AT yaodonghu tartarybuckwheatflavonoidsand25hydroxyvitamindsub3submitigatefattyliversyndromeinlayinghensassociationwithcecalmicrobiotaremodelingandlipidmetabolichomeostasis AT tingchen tartarybuckwheatflavonoidsand25hydroxyvitamindsub3submitigatefattyliversyndromeinlayinghensassociationwithcecalmicrobiotaremodelingandlipidmetabolichomeostasis AT siluwang tartarybuckwheatflavonoidsand25hydroxyvitamindsub3submitigatefattyliversyndromeinlayinghensassociationwithcecalmicrobiotaremodelingandlipidmetabolichomeostasis |